The Effectiveness of a Differentiated Learning Model Based on Identification, Reflection and Improvement to Improve the Reading Ability of Early Grade Students in Elementary School

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This study investigates the effectiveness of a differentiated learning model based on identification, reflection and improvement to improve the reading ability of early grade students in elementary school. Using a quasi-experimental design involving 5 elementary schools. The findings of the study showed that there was a significant difference in the improvement of reading ability of early grade students between the experimental class and the control class. The differentiated learning model based on identification, reflection and improvement has high effectiveness in improving the reading ability of early grade students. This means that the differentiated learning model based on identification, reflection and improvement has a positive impact and allows teachers to identify student needs at the beginning of learning, then teachers reflect on the learning process and results carried out, then make improvements (improve) to the learning strategy, especially adjusted to the student’s learning readiness. The results of this study reveal that the differentiated learning model based on identification, reflection and improvement is effective in improving the reading ability of early grade students, so that it can be a solution to overcome the difficulty or low ability of students in reading and recommends to develop a more effective and innovative learning model in the early grade.

Investigation of Antioxidant Activities of Different Plants Grown in Baku

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This work aims to evaluate the antioxidant activities of various plants (Eupatorium maculatum, Pinus eldarica and Ficus benghalensis) grown in Baku. Antioxidants are bioactive compounds that prevent cell damage by combating oxidative stress and play an important role in the prevention of many chronic diseases including cardiovascular diseases, cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. The antioxidant potential of plants is closely related to the amount of phenolic compounds and flavonoids they contain. Within the scope of the study, three different plant species (Eupatorium maculatum, Pinus eldarica and Ficus benghalensis) widely distributed in Baku were selected and their extracts were prepared using ethanol. Then, in order to evaluate the antioxidant activity, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging activity assay and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) assay were applied. At the same time, total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined by Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum nitrate spectrophotometric methods. As a result of the analyzes, it was determined that some plants have high antioxidant potential, therefore, they have high potential for use in the pharmacological and functional food industry. It was revealed that plant extracts with high phenolic content in particular exhibited stronger antioxidant effects. The research results indicate that Baku’s local plant resources can be an important source of raw materials for the health and food industries. This study may provide the basis for more detailed biochemical studies of local plant species in the future and for a broader evaluation of their therapeutic potential. At the same time, the research results provide a useful scientific basis for further investigation of the application possibilities of new natural antioxidant resources in various industrial sectors.

Effectiveness of Pilates based Exercises Versus Blood Flow Restriction Training for Improving Pain and Function in Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

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Background: Pain that originates in the adjacent soft tissues or the patellofemoral joint itself is collectively referred to as patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). In order to improve muscle strength and encourage tissue adaptation without putting the body through strenuous exercise, blood flow restriction (BFR) training has become a popular and promising method. Pilates uses a combination of simple, repetitive exercises to create muscular exertion. The primary goal of the study is to compare the effectiveness of blood flow restriction training and Pilates-based exercises in reducing pain and improving function in patients suffering from patellofemoral pain syndrome.

Method: Thirty patients diagnosed with patellofemoral pain were selected as observation subjects and randomly divided into two groups. The treatment period was 3 months (3 sessions/week). In this study, we conducted a comparison and analysis of the Numerical pain rating scale (NRS), Anterior knee pain scale. In this study compared and analyzed the NRS score of the knee, Anterior knee pain scale at two different time points—before treatment and after treatment.

Result: After treatment, Group A experienced a significant reduction in pain intensity compared to Group B. Functional status and health-related quality of life improved dramatically in Group A following treatment compared to Group B.

Conclusion: The study’s findings demonstrate that teens with PFPS can benefit from Pilates-based core strengthening exercises in a number of ways, including pain reduction, improved functional status, and improved quality of life.

Financial Governance in Africa In the Digital Age: Financial Governance of Academic Institutions

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This article explores the impact of digital transformation on financial governance in academic institutions in Africa. It begins by examining key theories related to digital transformation and financial governance, including agency theory and shareholder value theory. The article then analyzes the benefits of digitalization, such as improved efficiency, transparency, and optimization of financial processes, while also addressing challenges like resistance to change and data security. It also highlights existing gaps in the digital financial governance of academic institutions, including data management and the need for digital skills. Finally, the article offers recommendations to overcome these obstacles and fully leverage the advantages of digital transformation to strengthen financial stability and transparency in African academic institutions.

Solanum Xanthocarpum Assisted Benign Synthesis of Benzimidazole

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Heterocyclic chemistry is major and fascinating branch of chemistry where you have scope to synthesize molecules which will show variety of pharmacological activities. Numerous compounds of heterocyclic molecules were synthesized by researchers and tested for activities and utilised in health care industry to serve the peoples. Among these heterocyclic molecules we in this paper reporting synthesis of benzimidazole using novel catalyst. Catalyst employed here is Solanum Xanthocarpum which show exciting results for benzimidazole synthesis. Synthesis show good yield of product without utilising harmful catalyst. Products obtained were established on the basis of standard methods. Method used is benign for environment which applies green chemistry for heterocyclic synthesis.

Birth Preparedness and Complication Readiness of Men in Uyo Local Government Area, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

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This study examined the personal characteristics, knowledge, and attitudes of expectant fathers in Uyo, Nigeria, towards birth preparedness and complication readiness (BP/CR). Utilizing a convenience sample of 120 expectant fathers, the research explored how factors such as age, marital status, occupation, and education level influenced their understanding of and engagement in maternal health practices. Data obtained were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics such as frequency and correlation. The results indicated that most fathers were in their prime reproductive years (65, 54.2%), predominantly Christians (116, 96.7%), married (72, 60%), and employed (96, 80%), often as businessmen or traders (66, 55%) with a tertiary level of education (82, 68.3%). Also, majority demonstrated high knowledge (100, 83.3%) and positive attitudes towards BP/CR (84, 70%), with marital status (0.993), occupation (0.949), and number of children (0.964) showing strong correlations with favorable attitudes (p<0.01). These findings underscore the importance of socio-cultural factors in shaping paternal involvement in maternal health, advocating for targeted interventions that consider these variables to enhance male participation in maternal care and improve maternal and neonatal outcomes.

The Influence of Internship Experience on the Economic Welfare of Graduates at The School of Universe, Indonesia

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This research investigates the influence of internship experiences on the economic welfare of graduates from The School of Universe, Indonesia. Internships bridge academic knowledge and practical application, providing students with valuable hands-on skills crucial for their transition into the workforce. The study employs a quantitative approach, utilizing path analysis to explore the relationship between internship experiences and economic welfare. A 30-high school alumni sample was randomly selected, and data was gathered through a structured questionnaire. The results show a significant positive relationship between internships and graduates’ economic welfare, with internships enhancing employability and boosting initial income levels. Path analysis confirms the significance and linearity of the model, establishing that internship experiences have a direct positive effect on economic welfare, supporting the hypothesis that internships contribute to graduates’ financial stability and career progression.

Characteristics of Rainfall Influence Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and Madden Julian Oscillation (MJO) Phenomena Based on Machine Learning in Deli Serdang Region

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Rainfall in the Deli Serdang region is influenced by global climate phenomena. This study aims to determine the characteristics of rainfall based on machine learning due to the simultaneous occurrence of IOD and MJO in the Deli Serdang region. This study uses a descriptive method and Pearson correlation analysis using rainfall, IOD, and MJO data. The results of the study with machine learning showed that the accuracy value of the SVM model was 56.16% and when the MJO was strong and the IOD was positive in January – December 2024 in the Tuntungan region, the highest was 258 mm and the lowest was Bandar Khalipa 167 mm. Strong MJO and Negative IOD were found in December 2022, the highest area was Sibiru-biru 264 mm and the lowest was 146.16 mm. Weak MJO and Positive IOD in the low-lying Bandar Khalipa region were 140 mm. Dry months can be predicted using several indicators, including the MJO (Madden-Julian Oscillation) and IOD (Indian Ocean Dipole). However, dry months are more often predicted using the IOD indicator. IOD has a significant influence on rainfall in Indonesia, especially in eastern Indonesia. When IOD is in a positive phase, rainfall in Indonesia tends to decrease, increasing the possibility of a dry month. MJO has a greater influence on rainfall on a shorter time scale, such as weekly or monthly. MJO can affect rainfall in Indonesia, but its influence is not as great as IOD in predicting dry months.

Analysis of User Behavior Intention Using UTAUT with Technology Readiness as a Moderator on Mitratel Digital Twin Technology

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Digital Twins technology can provide various benefits for a company, including asset management and operational efficiency. PT Dayamitra Telekomunikasi, Tbk (Mitratel) started a trial of using Digital Twins in its use faced with challenges in the adoption of digital twins. In adopting digital twins in the Mitratel company, this study explores the relationship between UTAUT-1 parameters, Performance Expectancy (PE), Effort Expectancy (EE), Social Influence (SI), and Facilitating Conditions (FC) with Behaviour Intention (BI). In addition, this study will also look at the role of Technology Readiness (TR) parameters which consist of Optimism (OPT), Innovativeness (INN), Discomfort (DIS), and Insecurity (INS) parameters where these parameters moderate the relationship between UTAUT-1 parameters and Behaviour Intention (BI). The study used a Quantitative Method with a Likert scale on 307 random employee respondents who were processed using the Partial Least Square (PLS) model. The results showed that the Performance Expectancy (PE) parameter has a significant effect on Behavior Intention (BI) of using Digital Twins, while for other UTAUT-1 parameters it does not have a significant effect on Behaviour Intention (BI). Although the value of the Technology Readiness (TR) parameter is at the level of 3.21, the role of the Technology Readiness (TR) parameter does not significantly affect the relationship between the UTAUT-1 parameters on Behavior Intention (BI). The implication of the results of this analysis is that companies can develop the right Digital Twins features because the Performance Expectancy (PE) parameter has the most significant level of influence on Behavior Intention (BI). In addition, companies can also implement a training approach among employees to manage the level of Optimism (OPT) parameters while reducing the impact of high Discomfort (DIS) levels.

Analysis of Evaluation of Implementation of Standard Precautions in Prevention and Control of Healthcare Associated Infections at the Kendari City Regional General Hospital in 2024

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HAIs infections are infections that occur in patients during treatment in hospitals and other health care facilities where when they enter there is no infection and is not in the incubation period. Standard precautions in preventing infection are very important to apply in hospitals, considering that staff contact with patients’ bodies increases exposure from patients to staff or vice versa. The research was conducted to evaluate the implementation of standard precautions in preventing and controlling HAIs infections in Kendari City Regional Public Houses in 2024. The research was conducted in the period from April to May 2024. All data that was collected was analyzed using a content analysis approach, namely comparing the research results with existing theories and a literature review. The research results show that hand hygiene has not been fully implemented by nurses in accordance with the 5 moments and 6 steps of hand washing. The use of PPE has been fully implemented by nurses, especially in the use of masks and gloves. Coughing and sneezing etiquette has not been fully implemented by nurses because nurses have not thrown tissues into infectious waste bins.  Safe injection practices have not been fully implemented by all officers because there are still those who carry out recapping.