The Effect of Smoking History in Families with the Incidence of Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) in Toddlers in Indonesia: A Meta-Analysis Study

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Acute respiratory tract infection (ARI) is one of the most common causes of death in toddlers in developing countries. It is the cause of a significantly higher death rate in toddlers compared to other infections across all countries in the world. This study aims to analyze the impact of smoking history on the incidence of ARI in toddlers in developing countries in Asia. In December 2024, we conducted a meta-analysis on 59 case-control research articles published in both Indonesian and English between 2014 and 2024. The results of the study showed that there was an influence of smoking history in the family with the incidence of ARI in toddlers in developing countries in Asia (p-value = <0.0001); a history of smoking in the family has a risk of 3.17 times greater, which can result in ARI in toddlers when compared to toddlers who are not exposed to cigarette smoke, and the variation between publications was considered heterogeneous (=75%) with p = <0.00001, which was not statistically significant.  Periodically carry out education, counseling, and health promotion to enhance family knowledge and awareness, particularly among parents and those closest to toddlers, about not smoking in the house or near toddlers.

Strategic Adaptation in Early Childhood Education: A PEST Analysis of RA Fatimah Sriwijaya

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This research was conducted to develop the school’s business through external analysis, which involves understanding the external factors affecting the educational environment and using that understanding to create an effective strategic plan. Using the PEST (Political, Economic, Social and Technological) framework, the research identified opportunities and threats that impact the strategic management and sustainability of the institution. A descriptive qualitative approach was used to collect data through interviews, observations, and document review. The findings indicate significant opportunities such as supportive government policies such as the One Village One PAUD initiative, Merdeka Curiculume, BOP, technological advances and community engagement. However, the study also highlights critical threats, including economic instability, regulatory inconsistencies, and technology gaps in underserved areas. Social factors, such as low community awareness and cultural challenges, further complicate agencies’ efforts to increase participation. The research concludes that a strategic and adaptive approach that aligns national policies with local needs, leverages technology, and encourages community collaboration is critical to overcoming these challenges. The research provides actionable insights for practitioners and policymakers to improve the quality, accessibility, and sustainability of early childhood education in Indonesia.

Literature Review The Good and Bad Sides of Earnings Management on Accountant Integrity

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Many People Believe Earnings Management Is Bad. This Study Examines The Issue From A Different Perspective Than Earnings Management. Qualitative Research Uses Literature Review. The Results Of This Study Indicate That Earnings Management Is Not Fraud. “Deceptive Behavior That Can Be Punished By Law” Or “Criminal Acts Of Fraud” Are Definitions Of Fraud. Because Earnings Management Falls Within Legal Boundaries, The Deviation Of Reported Earnings From Underlying Earnings Or Economic Earnings Caused By Earnings Management Is Legal Or Permitted By Corporate Law And Accounting Standards. The Results Of This Research Enrich The Literature On Financial Accounting, Particularly Accounting Theory. The Findings Of This Research Have Significant Implications For Regulators And Lawmakers. Regulators Usually Consider Earnings Management As An Issue That Needs To Be Addressed Immediately.

Work Engagement Mediation to Optimize the State Civil Apparatus Performance

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This research aims to investigate the effect of self-efficacy on work engagement and the influence of both constructs on the performance of the state civil apparatus at the tourism office of North Sumatra province. The target population was 269 people. The sample was set at 200 people, their opinions were collected using cluster random sampling techniques. Primary data were processed using a structural equation model supported by the lisrel application program. Self-efficacy affects work engagement and the performance of state civil apparatus. Work engagement affects employee performance. Work engagement fully mediates the effect of self-efficacy on the state civil apparatus performance. The leadership of the tourism office of North Sumatra province is important to pay attention to work enthusiasm, especially enthusiasm when working to enhance work quality.

Exploring Consumer Behavior and Its Impact on Spotify Customer Loyalty among Generation Z in Indonesia

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This study examines consumer behavior toward Spotify Customer Loyalty among Generation Z in Indonesia. Using a quantitative approach and SEM analysis with SmartPLS 3, the study found that consumer behavior factors, including Brand Image, Price, Digital Service Quality, and Advertising, have a significant positive influence on Purchase Decisions, which in turn have a significant positive impact on Customer Loyalty. Consumer behavior contributes 59% in the moderate category. These findings recommend that Spotify enhance its marketing strategies through engaging advertisements to strengthen customer loyalty among Generation Z in Indonesia.

The Influence of Leadership Style and Organizational Culture on Employee Engagement at PT. Dayamitra Telekomunikasi, Tbk. (Study of Mitratel Employees)

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PT. Dayamitra Telekomunikasi, Tbk. (Mitratel) aims to foster strong collaboration within the organization. High employee engagement is essential for achieving this goal. However, recent internal surveys indicate a decline in employee engagement, potentially linked to leadership style and organizational culture. These factors, as supported by prior research, significantly impact employee engagement and should be addressed to improve overall organizational performance.

This research aims to examine the correlation and relationship between leadership style, organizational culture, and employee engagement as outcomes at Mitratel. The correlations will be linked to determine whether there is a relationship with the overall organizational performance level.

This quantitative study uses surveys to gather data and PLS analysis to examine the relationships between variables, even with moderate sample sizes and non-normal data.

This study found that both leadership style and organizational culture positively impact employee engagement, with organizational culture having a more significant influence. Higher levels of both factors lead to higher employee engagement.

In summary, the study confirms that a leadership style and the organizational culture have a significant impact on employees’ engagement in an organizational such as a telecommunication company like Mitratel.

Evaluation Self-Presentation Skills of HUST’s students

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The article discusses the significance and role of presentation skills among university students as a vital tool for academic success and career preparation. Evaluatiing the self- presentation skills of students in general knowledge years helps lecturers design effective methods to enhance these skills. A presentation-based evaluation was conducted in a Soft Skills course at Hanoi University of Science and Technology, involving 95 students and 940 feedback comments from audiences. The results indicate that students performed well in the introduction and content development phases of their presentations. However, the conclusion phase, particularly delivering a message to inspire audience action, was less persuasive and requires improvement.

Satisfaction Will Mediate the Effect of Waiting Time and Service Quality on Outpatient Loyalty at Husada Hospital

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This study aims to analyze the effect of waiting time and service quality on outpatient loyalty at Husada Hospital, by considering patient satisfaction as a mediating variable. The phenomenon of decreasing number of patient visits over the past three years is an important background of this study. The research method used is quantitative with a survey approach. Data were collected through questionnaires filled out by outpatients at Husada Hospital, with the analysis technique using Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results showed that waiting time and service quality had a significant effect on patient satisfaction, with p values of 0.000 each. Patient satisfaction also had a significant effect on patient loyalty (p = 0.000). However, waiting time and service quality did not have a direct effect on patient loyalty without mediation of patient satisfaction. The patient satisfaction variable fully mediates the effect of waiting time and service quality on patient loyalty. This study has implications for the need to increase waiting time efficiency and service quality management as a strategy to increase patient loyalty, especially in private hospitals.

А Model for School Subject “AI Proficiency” for Advanced students in Secondary TVET School: Conceptual Framework and Content with Practical Exеmplary Curriculum

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The article proposes a subject model for special preparation for professional education and training for classes in the professional field Computer Science and Technology, as a continuation of the subject „Introduction to AI: General education“ for TVET secondary schools in Bulgaria, proposed by the author in a previous published article. The model is balanced, with an emphasis on active learning with a synergistic and holistic creative approach, where over 80% of the time the student is involved in an active (individual or collective) activity: researching materials, drawing up models, discussions and debates, SWOT analyses, as well as project-based tasks of greater or lesser volume, problem cases. The topics are considered not only in their strict technical context, but also holistically-synergistically: ethics in the matter of AI, strategies for regulations, future perspectives and benefits, personal interests. The curriculum aims to provide vocational high school students with a comprehensive understanding of AI, covering fundamental concepts, practical applications, advanced technologies, ethical considerations and future trends in the field, through a combination of theoretical learning, practical projects, creative activity and discussions, develop critical thinking skills and will prepare for further study or careers in AI-related fields.

Simulated Communities and Online Mentoring

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The advent of digital technologies has reshaped how individuals connect, collaborate, and learn. Simulated communities, virtual environments that replicate real-world dynamics, have emerged as powerful platforms for education, skill-building, and mentorship. These communities allow participants to engage in lifelike experiences, fostering opportunities for experiential learning and meaningful interactions. In the context of online mentoring, simulated communities serve as immersive environments where mentors and mentees can connect, collaborate, and develop skills in a personalized and engaging manner. This paper explores the intersection of simulated communities and online mentoring by analyzing existing platforms, theoretical frameworks, and case studies. The findings highlight the potential of simulated communities to bridge geographical and cultural divides, provide risk-free learning environments, and foster inclusivity and collaboration. However, challenges such as technical barriers, ethical concerns, and scalability issues must be addressed to fully realize their potential. The study concludes with recommendations for future research and practical applications to enhance the integration of simulated communities into mentoring practices.