Acute oral toxicity assessment of ethanolic extract of Cassia auriculata linn whole plant in Albino mice

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The current study was conducted to assess the safety of an ethanol extract of the Cassia auriculata linn entire plant by detecting its potential toxicity following acute administration in Swiss albino mice. For the acute investigation, an ethanol extract of Cassia auriculata linn entire plant was supplied to albino mice in a single dose of 0-2000 mg/kg via feeding. After feeding, behavioral changes, adverse effects, and death were assessed for up to 14 days. Histopathological examinations were performed 14 days following oral dosing. At the end of the observation period, animals were sacrificed. In an acute investigation with ethanol extract of Cassia auriculata linn, the whole plant showed no behavioral alterations indicating detrimental effects or deaths. There were no significant differences in organ weights or gross necropsy between the treatment and control groups. The ethanol extract of Cassia auriculata linn entire plant can be deemed relatively harmless at the oral dose tested because it did not induce any mortality or unfavorable behavioral changes in albino mice, according to a necropsy investigation in acute toxicity.

The Balinese Lexicons Related to Banten Munggah in Piodalan Alit Rituals: An Ecolinguistics Study

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Piodalan or Odalan is a Hindu religious ceremony known as commemoration of the birth or birthday of a temple. The Piodalan ritual can be performed once every six months (210 days) based on wuku calculations which refer to the Hindu calendar calculations, or every year if based on sasih or month calculations, and if done every year it is called Pujawali. This ceremony is carried out to express gratitude for the abundant blessing from Hyang Widhi Wasa (the Creator)

In its implementation, Piodalan ceremony uses upakara /ritual in the form of bebantenan /offerings of which forms depend on the village/place, kala/time, and patra /circumstances, therefore piodalan is distinguished according to the level of upakara, into alit/ small, madya/ middle, and agung/huge. This research aims to discuss (1) The lexicon involved in Banten Munggah of the piodalan alit rituals, and (2) the morphological forms of these lexicons. The theories applied to achieve these goals are ecolinguistic theory (language use related to the environment), and morphological theory (word formation/lexicon).

This research is descriptive-qualitative field research using observation and note-taking techniques. The results of the analysis are presented using formal and informal methods, with inductive and deductive techniques. This research was conducted in Tabanan and Gianyar Regencies. The results reveal (1) The lexicon related to Banten Munggah of piodalan alit ceremony includes the lexicons on the offerings placed on the individual temple in the compound (banten munggah), it includes Banten Pejati, banten cenik, banten pejrimpenan. (2) the morphological forms of these lexicons are in the base forms, forms with affixations or derived forms, reduplications, and compound words.

Managing Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) Programmes in a Challenging Economic Environment: Responses of Administrators of Selected TVET Colleges in Yaounde 3, Centre Region, Cameroon

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The study employed the survey research design for the collection of data from administrators of selected TVET colleges located in the administrative area of Yaounde 3, Centre Region of Cameroon.  The study involved the collection of data concerning the management problems or challenges confronting administrators of TVET colleges and the strategies that could be used in resolving them. The population consisted of all the administrators who have responsibility for the success of the school programmes – this included the principals, vice-principals, chiefs of work, and head of departments. No sampling was taken as the entire population was used since it was not large. A five-point Likert scale structured questionnaire developed by the researcher was used for data collection. The instrument was administered personally by hand.  Twenty-five (25) questionnaires were distributed and 20 were correctly completed and returned, representing a return rate of 80 %.  The data was analysed using the median as the measure of central tendency, and the Inter-Quartile Range as the measure of spread. The mean was thought to be unsuitable for this analysis since a composite score for a group of items on the questionnaire was not what was computed; and because Likert-type scales largely generate ordinal data. The findings have revealed a range of problems TVET administrators face in the course of managing their programmes, and the strategies that could be used in resolving them. Three of the problems, amongst others, include: 1) programmes run below acceptable limits because of insufficient funds; 2) absence of training materials in most programmes for students’ use; and 3) most machines are obsolete and out of use. Apart from identifying some of the management problems that TVET administrators encounter, some of the strategies that could be employed in resolving the problems were equally suggested. It was concluded that the manner in which the problems associated with the management of physical facilities, equipment and supplies; as well as of school finance and business management of TVET programmes are resolved could impinge on the success of the colleges.

Design of Constant Time Overcurrent Relay Single Phase Based on Arduino Uno

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This research aiming for build and design a single phase constant time overcurrent relay (COTR) system based on Arduino Uno. COTR is a device protection used for protect equipment electricity from overcurrent. This system designed for working on network single phase electricity with using Arduino Uno as component main controller. Principle COTR’s work is measure flowing current through load and decide connection electricity if current exceed the value that has been set in constant time. Design system covering making current sensor circuit, circuit conditioner signals, and control programs on the Arduino Uno. System this expected can become alternative cheap, reliable and reliable overcurrent protection applied to various type burden single phase electricity.

Arduino-Based Overcurrent Relay Design with Very Inverse Type

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The protection system is a very important system in the electric power system, because this protection system functions as a safety for electrical equipment from abnormal events or disturbances. In this study ever current relay is used as a protection system, over current relay works based on the current value measured by the PZEM-004T current sensor. The value of the current sensor will be output from the arduino to the relay module, so that the relay will work according to the current limit setting that will be progammed on the UNO arduino as a command to the relay module to break or connect the current in the circuit. The current value and the state of the overcurrent relay will be displayed on the LCD that receives input from the arduino Uno. Very inverse type overcurrent relay (OCR) is one type of OCR that has a longer trip delay time for smaller fault currents and faster at large currents. This allows the system to aperate again faster after a small disturbance. This research aims to design and build dan Arduino-based very inverse type OCR. The system uses PZEM-004T current sensor to detect the current and Arduino Uno microcontroller to process the data and control the relay. The characteristics of the trip delay time of the very inverse type OCR are programmed according to the IEEE C37.122 Standard. With TMS values ranging from 0.01 to 13 seconds. The programme is given setting current value of 2 Amperes and a TMS value of 0.05 seconds. In the test carried out, it was found that the current and trip time were directly proportional to the simulation experiments in ETAP although there was still a slight difference in the tiime difference in current disconnection based on the comparison curve.

The Influence of Non-Physical Work Environment, Work-Life Balance, and Work Discipline on Employee Turnover Intention: A Quantitative Study of Employees at PT Bhumi Phala Perkasa

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Human Resources (HR) play a pivotal role in the success and sustainability of a company amid the ever-evolving business dynamics. Effective HR management can positively impact employee turnover rates. One company experiencing a high rate of turnover intention is PT Bhumi Phala Perkasa. Based on the company’s turnover rate data, it was 13.01% in 2020, decreased to 10.98% in 2021, but increased to 13.51% in 2022. In 2023, with data obtained up to September 2023, the turnover rate was 12.77%. Given this phenomenon, this study aims to determine the influence of non-physical work environment, work-life balance, and work discipline on turnover intention. This research phenomenon was explored using a questionnaire method. Data collection was conducted by distributing questionnaires to several employees at the company. The analysis technique used is the SEM-PLS method. The analysis results show that the non-physical work environment, work-life balance, and work discipline have a significant negative impact on turnover intention. This means that the higher the influence of the non-physical work environment, work-life balance, and work discipline, the lower the level of employee turnover intention at PT. Bhumi Phala Perkasa. This research is expected to be useful for company management. The findings of this study can help PT Bhumi Phala Perkasa in efforts to suppress turnover intention through the non-physical work environment, work-life balance, and work discipline. In general, with the results of this research, the organization can understand and identify the needs and desires of employees, which can be used as a consideration and evaluation for the organization comprehensively in formulating human resource management policies in the organization in the future.

The Impact of Implicatures on the Interpretation of Indirect Speech Acts in “William Saroyan’s the summer of The Beautiful White Horse”

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This study explores “the impact of implicatures on the interpretation of indirect speech acts in William Saroyan’s The Summer of the Beautiful White Horse.”  Using qualitative literary analysis, the study explores how implicatures help readers comprehend the motivations and interpersonal dynamics of characters. To gather data, excerpts from the text that had instances of implicatures and indirect speech actions were chosen, and secondary sources such as academic journals and literary criticism were looked at to provide background information and provide support to the research. To determine the significance of implicatures, a thorough reading and comparison study with other works were part of the data analysis technique. The study reveals that implicatures provide the story with additional levels of meaning and encourage readers to actively participate in interpreting nuances. The references to different literary traditions, such as the Japanese “mono no aware,” highlight how indirect communication is a universal literary technique. The results imply that Saroyan’s storytelling style makes use of implicatures to portray difficult moral and emotional issues, pushing readers to consider interpersonal relationships and cultural quirks. This work adds to the field of literary pragmatics by elucidating the intricacies of human interaction and enhancing the reading experience through implicatures.

Energize Transformer 400kVA at State Polytechnic of Samarinda with Simulation

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The purpose of this study is to analyze the performance and effectiveness of the Energize 400kVA Transformer model which acts as a step-up transformer in the electric power distribution system. The focus of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of the transformer in increasing the voltage from medium to higher levels and the impact of this conversion on power stability, energy losses, and thermal resistance.Testing was carried out by operating the transformer at various load levels and measuring performance parameters such as copper and iron losses, voltage regulation, and cooling capacity. The results showed that the Energize Transformer 400kVA can operate optimally as a step-up transformer with high efficiency in the load range of 70-90% of full capacity and good voltage stability when the load changes. The transformer cooling system also proved effective in maintaining the operating temperature within safe limits, thus contributing to a longer service life and shorter maintenance intervals. Based on these results, the Energize Transformer 400 kVA model is suitable for use as a step-up transformer in medium to large distribution networks, supporting optimal power quality and high operational efficiency.

The Effect of Job Stress and Job Satisfaction on Organizational Commitment Mediated by Work Life Balance

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This study aims to analyze whether the influence of job stress and job satisfaction on organizational commitment mediated by work-life balance on employees at PT Pos Indonesia. The population consists of all Pos Indonesia employees at the Solo, Sukoharjo, and Sragen branch offices. By using simple random sampling technique, the number of respondents obtained was 215 to 430 respondents. Validity and reliability tests were used in this study, model suitability using the goodness of fit test and the t-test to test the hypothesis. Data analysis used Structural Equation Model (SEM) analysis and the software used was Smart PLS. The results of the study showed that job satisfaction had a significant effect on work-life balance, job stress had a significant effect on work-life balance, and work-life balance had a significant effect on organizational commitment. Then for the mediation role, the results showed that job satisfaction had an effect on organizational commitment moderated by work-life balance and work stress had an effect on organizational commitment moderated by work-life balance.

Bibliometric Analysis of Research on the Implementation of Stunting Prevention Programs in Indonesia through ProQuest

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This study conducted a bibliometric analysis and visualization using VOSviewer to examine the implementation of stunting prevention programs in Indonesia. Over the past five years, there has been a significant increase in publications related to this topic, totaling 447 documents. The analysis revealed fluctuating publication trends annually, reflecting evolving research interests and methodologies. Visual network mapping identified four main clusters: (1) policy focus on stunting prevention, program effectiveness, and risks; (2) database review, coverage assessment, and risk factors; (3) infant health, risk factors, and assessments; and (4) sanitation, meta-analysis, and policy implications. These clusters highlight diverse research focuses, including policy management, data analysis, risk factors, and sanitation impacts on stunting prevalence. Integration of various datasets through overlay visualization provided insights into complex interactions influencing stunting prevalence across Indonesian districts. This research offers deep insights into the dynamics of stunting prevention program research and development in Indonesia, serving as a foundation for evidence-based policymaking and guiding future research strategies. Based on the findings and discussions, this study suggests the need for further research focusing on the district-level effectiveness of interventions against child stunting by enhancing community engagement in intervention and policy implementation. Community engagement can significantly reduce stunting prevalence by enabling better adoption of local nutrition and sanitation practices, strengthening program sustainability through active participation in planning and implementation, and building community capacity to promote sustainable behavior change at the individual and family levels.