Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Method for Marketing Agency Selection at PT Kirana Mitraabadi

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E-Commerce growth in Indonesia sets the stage for PT Kirana Mitraabadi, underlined by statistics indicating a substantial increase in e-commerce users. PT Kirana has identified the need to embrace and make a shift from a B2B-focused business model to the dynamic B2C market. The company aims to leverage this momentum, recognizing the potential to broaden its customer base and drive sales through the introduction of a new product line derived from its core offering of paraffin wax. However, the complexities of this shift reveal a major challenge in PT Kirana’s marketing division, which specializes only in B2B strategies. The key responsibility is developing B2C marketing strategies, required to be employed with a competent marketing agency. The assessment is conducted using 5 Whys technique and a fishbone diagram, examining the current factors and challenges that PT Kirana faces. Then, the process of choosing the agency involves a thorough decision making approach that takes into account both qualitative and quantitative factors. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is the preferred method for assessing and choosing the best marketing agency to partner with. The findings of the AHP analysis offer actionable insights, facilitating a seamless transition for PT Kirana Mitraabadi’s as it ventures into the B2C market, supported by the strategic expertise of the chosen marketing agency. This will help the company to capitalize on the e-commerce market in Indonesia, expand its customer base and successfully introduce their new product line also increasing their sales through the B2C market strategies.

The Role of Democratic Transformational Leadership Style in Supporting Clan Organizational Culture

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Leadership plays a critical role in achieving organizational success and shaping its culture. This paper investigates the role of leadership in shaping organizational culture, specifically within a leading automotive dealership in Indonesia aiming to strengthen its clan culture. This paper aims to evaluate the existing leadership approach in the company and identify a style that would better support a clan culture. Primary data for the study was gathered through a quantitative survey of 324 employees, selected using Slovin’s formula. The questionnaire model that was employed is the Vannsimpco Leadership Survey (VLS). The tools that were used for analysis are descriptive analysis and gap analysis. Results show that the organization predominantly exhibits an Autocratic-Transformational leadership approach. In contrast, the expected leadership style that emerged from the results is Democratic-Transactional. Based on the findings, the company is advised to strategically realign its leadership to a Democratic-Transformational style, emphasizing participative decision-making, open communication, and collaborative, employee-focused approaches to foster a clan culture.

Understanding Factors That Affect Social Media Advertisement Adoption for Small Medium Enterprises in Indonesia the Case of Facebook Advertisement

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Advancement of technology in the field of marketing has been one significant factor in assisting Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) to increase their competitiveness. Meta, as a technological company, provide Facebook advertisement as a mean of digital social media advertising. One of the challenges that Meta faced is to attract more Facebook ads adoption especially in the Small Medium Enterprise sector. This research objective is to understand the factors that affect social media advertisement adoption, in this case Facebook advertisement, for small medium enterprises in Indonesia. There are eight variables that are believed to influence customer intention to adopt Facebook advertisement which are performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating condition, hedonic motivation, price value, perceived technology security and self-efficacy.

The main data was collected by an online survey and 350 SMEs participated in it. The respondents are SMEs that operate in Indonesia and either have not use Facebook advertisement service or do not use the service anymore. The sample was gathered using non-probability convenience sampling and the data was analysed using structural equation model technique. The research found that Self-efficacy is the highest influencing variable that are statistically significant to influence SMEs intention to adopt Facebook advertisement. Effort expectancy and social influence are found to be statistically significant to influence SMEs intention to adopt Facebook advertisement. Hedonic motivation and price value factor are found to be statistically significant to influence intention to adopt Facebook ads for SMEs that have use the service but choose not to use it anymore. In the contrary, the factor of performance expectancy, facilitating condition and perceived technology security are found to be not statistically significant to influence intention to adopt Facebook ads among Indonesia SMEs.

The research suggests Meta to prioritize an effort to increase SMEs self-efficacy in using Facebook advertisement by giving free training and certification. Other suggestions are to partner with relevant key opinion leaders (KOL)/communities, creating engagement with SMEs through events and giving monetary incentives such as discount coupons. For future research, researcher suggest different/smaller respondent demography and/or different social media advertising platform. Research with respondent that are actively using Facebook advertising service could also give additional insight to the study.

Legal Equivalence in International Agreements Case Study: Morocco-European Union Agreement Association

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This study is comparative, qualitative and exploratory in nature. It aims at exploring the types of equivalence and translation procedures used in legal translations. The representative data consists of three authentic versions of the Morocco-European Union Association Agreement. This study has started by providing a brief overview of the translation theories and schools of thought as well as the issue of equivalence in translation, important translation techniques and procedures often employed in the translation of law are presented, discussing each translation procedure and its applicability to legal translation, and then a succinct description of the Morocco-EU FTA Association. This is followed by a comparative analysis of the English, French and Arabic translations in relation to the translation procedures used by translators. Because this study is mainly descriptive, Gideon Toury‘s comparative analysis translation approach will be used. It consists of the identification of the source text, and then the mapping of target text’s segments on their counterparts in order to determine the relationships that link a target text to its source.

Coaching Effectiveness in Ideation of PLN LDP Level 3

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This study evaluates the effectiveness of coaching in the Ideation of Leadership Development Program (LDP) Level 3 at PT. PLN (Persero), focusing on Coach-Client Relationship theories (Diller et al., 2022) and the ADKAR model by Hiatt (2006). It investigates the influence of coach-coachee dynamics, including Working Alliance – Task and Goal, Perceived Empathy, Perceived Need Supportive Behavior, and Closeness, on the success of the coaching process. Additionally, the research assesses the ADKAR model’s components (Awareness, Desire, Knowledge, Ability, and Reinforcement) and Team Effectiveness based on Process Criteria (Effort-Related, Strategy-Related, and Knowledge & Skill-Related) in group project facilitation. Utilizing a quantitative approach, online questionnaires were distributed to 19 individuals who met the necessary criteria, including being participants in two coaching sessions of Ideation 3 Batch 5 and holding positions as potential leaders three tiers beneath the board of directors, consisting of Managers in Service Units, Vice Presidents in subsidiaries, and Assistant Vice Presidents. The responses then would be analyzed via IBM SPSS 27.0. Results indicate significant correlations between Coach-Client Relationship, ADKAR model, and Team Effectiveness, enhancing the understanding of coaching in personnel development. This finding highlights the necessity of a well-aligned coaching process to foster effective individual change readiness. Moreover, the finding also reveals that the coaching process extends beyond individual development and has a significant influence on team collaboration and effectiveness. A well-aligned coaching process can more effectively prepare individuals for the transitions and developments required in leadership roles and equip them to contribute positively to team environments. While this study contributes to a better understanding of coaching as a method for people development, there are some limitations concerning the sample and limited time of the study. Future research with a larger and varied sample, across-case data collection, and various additional data is needed. Testing with before-after questionnaires, forum group discussions, and a mixed-method approach would be particularly interesting, including diverse leadership levels and genders.

Improving Refuelling Flowtime at Fuel Terminal X PT AAA

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This research evaluates the performance of fuel distribution services by PT AAA at Terminal X, focusing on meeting the operational target of 14 hours per day. The average service level during the assessment period was 56%, revealing a significant operational gap of 44% exceeding the target due to delays in truck refueling attributed to long queues, administrative processes, and technical disruptions. By analyzing data with the SIOD application and employing the 5 Whys method for root cause analysis, delays in refueling trucks, exceeding contract targets by 20%, were identified. Reducing refueling time could save PT BBB, a stakeholder, IDR 574 million annually in overtime expenses and mitigate worker fatigue and incidents during late-night work. Practical recommendations include improving operational hours, efficiency, and safety by identifying constraints and defects to align with target operational time in contractual obligations between PT AAA and PT BBB.

The Influence of Electronic Service Quality, Sales Promotion, and Product Variation on Purchase Decisions and Satisfaction: a Study on BUKALAPAK

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Bukalapak, as one of the most popular online shopping applications in Indonesia, faces challenges in satisfying its customers. Despite offering a variety of products and services, there are significant complaints regarding the quality of service and the conducted promotions. This research aims to evaluate how product variation, sales promotions, and electronic service quality at Bukalapak influence purchase decisions and customer satisfaction, as well as the extent to which each of these factors impacts the decisions and satisfaction of Bukalapak’s customers. The study employs a quantitative method, collecting data through a survey distributed via Google Form, and selecting samples using non-probability sampling with purposive sampling technique. Respondents included those who have shopped at Bukalapak while residing in Indonesia, including millennials, Generation X, and Generation Z. For data analysis, the research utilizes the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) technique with the assistance of SmartPLS software. The results of this research indicate that respondents rate the electronic service quality, sales promotions, and product variation offered by Bukalapak, as well as the purchase decisions and customer satisfaction at Bukalapak, as Very Good. Electronic service quality, sales promotions, and product variation have a positive and significant impact on both purchase decisions and satisfaction.

Conservation and Population Status of Freshwater Fishes from Kelekar River, South Sumatra, Indonesia

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This study assessed the conservation and population status of the fish species collected from the Kelekar river. This study was conducted between May 2022 and June 2023. A total of   1.267 fish belonging to 49 species and 19 families were recorded. Cyprinidae was found to be the richest family (18 species) followed by Osphronemidae (5 species), Channidae (4 species), Siluridae (3 species), Bagridae, Claridae, Pangasidae, Pristolepidae (2 species), and others (1 species). The Shannon-Weiner diversity index was 3.547. The Simpson’s dominance index was 0.035, and the Evenness index was 0.921. The biodiversity index of the Kelekar river was in the high category. Base on the latest IUCN red list, one species as data deficient, forty-three species as least concern, two species as near threatened, two species as vulnerable, and one species as critically endangered. The IUCN based population status of fish species present in the Kelekar River was unknown (35%), stable (47%), and decreasing (18%).

Developing Self-Learning Competence for Students Based on Learning Theories Combined With the Support of AI Chatbot in Teaching

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To ensure the educational goals of the 21st century, creating a “learning society” and “lifelong learning,” the development of self-learning competence in the teaching process is crucial. Constructivism and Metacognition theories have shown that teachers need to create a learning environment that helps learners build and create knowledge for themselves based on thinking, exploration, and practice. This approach aids in the development of students’ self-learning competence. AI Chatbot serves as an effective tool in building a virtual assistant, a virtual practice medium that allows students to interact, inquire, and experience 24/7 from anywhere. With AI Chatbot, students will receive support according to their needs, desires, and self-awareness levels. Moreover, AI Chatbot provides a suitable environment for developing self-learning competence for students.

Review of the OSI Model and TCP/IP Protocol Suite on Modern Network Communication

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Layered approaches to networking are possible. Network architects categorize protocols in order to simplify their designs. Each layer has its own protocol for talking to the outside world. Every component of the network implements some of the nth layer. Messages are sent back and forth between these parts. Layer n protocol data units [n-PDU] are the official name for these transmissions. All the steps necessary for efficient conversation are covered and these steps are organized into layers for easy comprehension. Layered architecture describes this kind of planning for a communications system. The OSI model is a framework for developing and implementing network-based software applications. It also serves as a basis for the development of new networking protocol hardware, and architectures. This document compares and contrasts the OSI Reference Model seven layers with those of the TCP/IP Model four. There are distinct roles at each successive level. All Internet communication duties may be traced back to the TCP/IP reference model.