SGLT2 Inhibitors and the Associated Risk of Genito Mycotic Infections – A Narrative Review

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The increased prevalence of Diabetes mellitus, the comorbid associations and complications among the global population has led to a dependency for treatment options with multiple modalities. One such option is the SGLT2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) class of drugs. SGLT2i have been demonstrated to improve glycemic control while providing cardiovascular (CV) and renal benefits in patients with T2DM. SGLT2 inhibitors comprising of canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, empagliflozin, ertugliflozin and remogliflozin are indicated in T2DM individuals with CV complications or chronic kidney disease (CKD). Although generally well tolerated, they pose some important safety concerns. The most common side effect of SGLT2i administration being Genital Mycotic Infections (GMI) and Symptomatic Volume Depletion. Meta-analysis and large clinical trials have reported an incidence of 2.5% to 6.5% of GMI, and a 4-6-fold increased risk of GMI among patients on SGLT2i.

This narrative review evaluates the recent literature on SGLT2i and the incidence and severity of GMI. The review aims to help guide health care professionals involved in clinical care for patients on SGLT2 inhibitors.

The existing literature evidence suggests that the GMI associated with SGLT2i therapy are generally mild and respond well to the conventional treatment. Major risk factors of infection are female, poor hygiene, prior infection, and uncircumscribed men. Perineal hygiene and treatment with standard antifungal agents could effectively decrease the incidence of such infections and may not warrant strict discontinuation of SGLT2i therapy. Active patient participation and awareness during treatment initiation is helpful in early recognition of symptoms and timely interventions.

Job Creation Law and Ease of Doing Business: A Case of Investment Companies in Indigenous Peoples’ Territories

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The Job Creation Law was formed using the omnibus law method to achieve its goals to make changes to various laws and regulations equivalent to it to achieve the Law’s goals. Unfortunately, there are problems in regulations that cause Indigenous Peoples and their traditional rights to become unprotected, causing legal uncertainty for investment companies that are reluctant to carry out their business activities in Indigenous Peoples’ territories. This can hamper the realization of the ease of doing business that the Job Creation Law intends to achieve. Therefore, the Job Creation Law should review the regulations regarding investment companies’ activities that carry out their activities in Indigenous Peoples’ territories. The research method used is normative juridical method, emphasizing secondary data collection aiming to look for the role of the Job Creation Law to provide legal protection for Indigenous Peoples while providing legal certainty and doing business to investors who carry out business activities in Indigenous Peoples’ territories. To provide business convenience for these companies and protect Indigenous Peoples’ traditional rights, the Job Creation Law should change the provisions in the Village Law.

The Study of Analysis of Covariance of Morphometric Relationships of Metapenaeus Brevicornis (H. Milne Edwards)

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In order to make quantitative comparisons between shrimps of different sizes, sexes, origin and species a number of different measurements have been used in the past mainly for fisheries management or aquaculture purposes. These include carapace length (including and excluding rostrum), body length, total length, total weight, tail weight and meat weight. Length-weight of a species are always related to each other (Le Cren, 1951). Several factors like, maturity, feeding, parasites, pathogens etc. are known to influence length- length, length-weight and weight- weight relationships.

An analysis of covariance combines the principle of ANOVA with the principle of regression. A chief advantage of this technique is that the independent variables can be of any data level. It is often used to adjust for initial differences between or among groups. In other words, one of its chief purposes is to eliminate systematic bias.

Privatization of SOEs a Shift from Protectionism and a Factor of Economic Growth

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: In the framework of economic development, we argue that privatization of State Owned Enterprises (SOEs) is unarguably one of the gateways to succeeding in economic growth. It provides the basis for perfect market competition, promoting employment, reducing government expenditure burden on its budget, promoting employment growth and provides efficient services, boost innovation and the technological revolution of especially developing countries which is an undisputable evidence for economic growth seen for example in Asia and China to be specific. China and a good number of countries with perfect market structures, early economic successes can be largely accredited to privatization of their underperforming SOEs model of promoting economic growth.  In this article, we will attempt to draw the attention of readers on the conjectural background of privatization of SOEs, its effects in promoting economic growth and strategies of its implementation drawing from the experiences of other countries. We used descriptive analysis approach to describe the facts and effects about the significance of privatization of SOEs in economies that are opening up or still moving up the economic development ladder. The paper also draws lessons from developed economies like the US where privatization is a symbol of a capitalist and free market society, although focusing on developing countries with specific reference to Sierra Leone, bench marking the case of China. We discovered that privatization helps government save more and improve efficiency largely through competition that motivates development as well as innovation.

Data Security and Privacy in Cloud Computing Platforms: A Comprehensive Review

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Cloud computing is the on-demand usage of computer resources through the internet, allowing us to relocate application software and databases. Its purpose is to deliver IT services that enable clients to benefit from the pay-per-use model’s substantial cost advantages and the ability to flexibly scale up or down without having to make significant investments in new hardware. On the other hand, the provider manages the data and services under this cloud architecture. Consequently, cloud clients have less control over their outsourced data and depend on cloud service providers to safeguard their data and infrastructure from both external and internal threats. In this study, we look at information security in cloud computing. It is the consideration of information on the cloud, considering security concerns. This article will go through data protection strategies utilized all around the globe to provide optimum data security by lowering risks and threats. Information accessibility is beneficial for various cloud applications, but it poses risks by exposing data to apps that already have security escape clauses. In addition, the presentation will outline information security highlights for Data in Transit and Data at Rest.

 

Theoretical Study of Determination the Energy Gap of Murrastanine-A Conjugated Metal Using Density Functional Theory (DFT)

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The research has been carried out to determine the energy gap of the compound murrastanine-a conjugated with period 4 metals. The calculation of the energy gap is carried out theoretically using computational methods with density functional theory (DFT) and the basis set 6-31G*/B3LYP through NWChem software. The results showed that all period 4 metal conjugations could reduce the energy gap of the murrastanine-a compound except for conjugation with gallium metal. The energy gap of the murrastanine-a compound decreased from 4.479 eV to 4.444 until 0.019 eV. The presence of conjugation with metals makes the energy gap of murrastanine-a diverse so that it can increase its potential use. CaM2, CuM2, and AsM5 complexes can be potential as high-temperature sensors. CrM6 and FeM2 complexes can be potential as solar cells. KM, CaM2, TiM4, ZnM2, GeM2, and AsM3 complexes can be potential as blue LED devices. Complex compounds resulting from the conjugation process with period 4 metals can be formed stably except for complexes with potassium and calcium metals which are characterized by the absence of charge distribution.

Proposed Business Strategy to Improve Bank XYZ’s Competitiveness through Customer Adoption of XGEB

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The internet has the potential to transform banks and the financial sector dramatically. The advent of online banking is projected to impact the variety of financial services that banks offer. Service delivery techniques may evolve if banks utilize new technology to analyses profitability. Online banking has made banking more accessible and convenient for both banks and customers, but it also has its own set of hurdles and problems. Despite the benefits of online banking, banks continue to confront difficulties due to customers’ reluctance to utilize it. This research will focus on Bank XYZ, a pseudonym of a real Corporate Bank in Indonesia. In an effort to compete with other players who have online banking products, Bank XYZ must be able to recognize challenges and opportunities that impact their internet banking product, namely XGEB.

Bank XYZ has over 1400 customers, but only 830 utilize XGEB. Since early 2021, this statistic has not changed. It is undergoing a complete digitalization transformation to support its internet banking services in order to give a better customer experience while being more customer-centric. According to an interview with Bank XYZ employees that engage directly with customers regarding the internet banking service, it was determined that the bank’s customer experience has fallen short of optimum customer satisfaction. This research discovers a number of internal and external elements that contributed to this. Customers’ perceptions of XGEB’s utility and simplicity of use are influenced by its user interface design and absence of necessary functionality. External challenges include the threat of new entrants as well as competition among existing rivals.

After completing a business solutions analysis, this research concluded that to enhance XGEB usage, Bank XYZ should first identify existing and future customer demands, and then provide customized solutions in the manner the consumer expected. In addition, this study suggests that XYZ include mobile banking as an internet channel and that XYZ buy or acquire a digitally savvy local bank to improve Bank XYZ’s competitiveness.

The Problem of Drug Addiction in Vietnam – Implication for the Role of Social Support Workers

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In Vietnam, addiction treatment has made significant progress in recent years, with a variety of addiction treatment models that are applied based on evidence and effective practices around the world. However, according to a report of the Drug Prevention and Control Agency, Ministry of Public Security, the problem of drug addiction is still quite complicated. Drug addicts are being rejuvenated and addictive substances are also very diverse. Drug addicts today face many problems that require comprehensive medical, psychological, and social support interventions to change awareness and behavior to reduce the harmful effects of drug addiction and reduce illegal drug use. Based on the above situation, this article provides an overview of the problem of drug addiction in Vietnam and discusses the general roles of social support workers in assisting drug addicts to cope with their complex problems.

Using Xerte Toolkit to Enhance Pre-Service Teachers’ Conceptual Understanding of Coordinate Geometry

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This study was to investigate the effect and explore students’ interest in using Xerte Toolkit in teaching and learning of Coordinate Geometry. In all, 50 pre-service teachers were involved in the study. The study adopted a mixed method approach. Semi – structured interviews as well as achievement test were the instruments used for data collection. The items in the achievement test were analyzed using statistical tools such as percentages, mean, standard deviation and t-test from Excel 2016 Analysis Tools. The descriptive statistics indicated that there was a significant difference between pretest and post test scores. The findings in this study posits that students’ interest in using Xerte Toolkits in teaching and learning Coordinate Geometry has increased and are ever ready to use Xerte Toolkit again in their studies.

A Study to Assess the Problems of Prolonged Use of Mask During Covid Pandemic Among the General Public Residing in Lawspet Area at Puducherry

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A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted to assess the problems of prolonged use of mask during covid pandemic among general public. The objectives of the study was to assess the problems of prolonged use of mask during covid pandemic among the general public and to find out association between the problems of prolonged use of mask during covid pandemic with selected demographic variable. The researcher developed self-administered open ended questionnaire to assess the problems of prolonged use of mask during covid pandemic among 300 public residing in lawspet area at Puducherry by using purposive sampling technique. The major findings was, regarding the demographic variables out of 300 general public 156(52%) were in age group 18-29 years, half of the public was female 198(66%), half of the public were married162(54%), 138(46%) of the public were completed under graduate(UG) level of education, half of the public were hindus168(56%), half of the public were lived in urban area 156(52%), half of the public were monthly income Rs.5000-10000 150(50%), 126(42%) of the public were company worker, 168(56%) of the public were in nuclear family, 138(46%) of the public got information from social media, 102(34%) of the public were affected in covid 19 respectively. Out of 300 public all of them were using mask 300(100%), half of the public were used surgical mask (three layered mask) 156(52%), 108(36%) of the public were used the same mask at only one time, 234(78%) of the public was not washed the single use disposable mask, 134(44%) of the public were told not wearing the N95 mask is cost effective, 120(40%) of the public were faced problems while wearing face mask was sweating, 198(66%) of the public were told no adverse reactions after using mask, 102(34%) of the public were told 4 hours was tolerable hours of wearing mask, most of the public were told correct way to wear mask was covering mouth and nose 228(76%), 144(48%) were 2 times changed the mask for full day. In association between the problems of prolonged use of mask with selected demographic variables. There is a significant(p<0.005) association between problems of prolonged use of mask during covid pandemic with selected demographic variables as religion. Then the researcher created awareness to all public regarding importance of mask, motivated to do proper hygienic measures life hand washing techniques and taught about criteria for use mask to promote the health from covid pandemic to endemic.