Utilization of Nanogold and Nanosilver as Drugs Delivery on Antioxidant Activity in Herbal Medicine Preparation During Pandemic Covid-19

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The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding nanogold and nanosilver with various concentrations on the antioxidant activity of herbal medicine made from black seed, black garlic extract, and propolis. The concentration of nanogold used was 5,10,15,20,25 and 30 ppm with 20 ppm nanosilver concentration. In this study, the activity of antioxidant compounds was tested using the DPPH method with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. This study shows the percentage of free radical reduction results. The results of this study indicate that there is an effect of adding nanogold in the antioxidant content of herbal medicines. The best nanogold concentration was shown at a concentration of 30 ppm, which was 84,42%. The results show that the greater the concentration of nanogold added, the greater the percent reduction.

Organochlorine Pesticide Characterisation of Emede Wetland Isoko South Delta for Pen Aquaculture in Secondary Schools as an Emerging Trend in Vocational and Technical Education in the 21st Century Nigeria

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This study is an ex-post facto research that investigated the organochlorine pesticides content of Emede wetland for its suitability for pen aquaculture in secondary school. The study answered 3 research questions and tested a hypothesis. To achieve this, the research area Emede wetland was mapped out into research cells. From each of the research cells, water samples were collected from 10 sampling spots, bulked and a composite drawn and fixed with HNO3 and stored in ice cooled boxes for laboratory analysis. The analytical standards adopted for the study were USEPA, APHA and ASTM and the analytical instrument deployed for determination of the organochlorine pesticides was EPA 8081 ECD. The mean results obtained are as follows: adrin 0.76±1.4µg/l, diedrin 1.26±0.30 µg/l, DDT 2.13±0.42 µg/l, endrin 0.62±0.55 µg/l and heptachlor 2.13±0.42 µg/l. The results obtained were subjected to test of significance with ANOVA at 0.05 level of significance deploying SPSS model 21. The p-value is 0.31 thus rejecting Ho. The study recommends that pen aquaculture should not be implemented in Emede wetland, the pollutions source should be identified and blocked and remediation should be carried out in the wetland to resuscitate the wetland to its hitherto healthy status.

Implementation of Accounting Information System and Just In Time in Increasing Employee Work Productivity

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This study aims to prove the effect of accounting information systems and Just In Time on employee productivity and the effect accounting information system on the implementation of Just In Time. The research method is descriptive quantitative with the technique of taking the sample is simple random and determining the number of samples using the Slovin formula with the number of respondents 77 people. Data collection uses a questionnaire which is distributed directly to employees at PT Distributions Bekasi who work in finance, marketing, delivery of goods, warehouse and administration. The results of the study conclude that the accounting information system and Just In Time partially have a positive and significant effect on employee productivity. likewise, the accounting information system has a positive effect on the implementation of just in time This means that the better the accounting information system and just in time will increase profits and improve the company’s position through good cost control, good delivery of goods and improving the quality of products, services and services to consumers. The results of the study have positive implications for managerial performance in controlling, planning and decision making in company operations.

Human Resource Management: A Literature Review

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This article aims to find how human resource management based on literature review from previous research from several countries around the world. This article uses search and review methods, where the review process began with a search engine, Google scholar, to search articles with keywords. The authors found the scope of the reviewed articles was still limited so it needs to be followed up related to human resource management. Result of the review show that human resource can run optimally if they apply good management. The research about this topic is limited and this article is a literature review, so further research needs to be done related to human resource management and to include other data collection methods including interview and questionnaire. The theoretical benefit of this article is to add knowledge about human resource management and the practical benefit is as an information for further research.

Production and Organoleptic Test of Hand Sanitizer Nanogold, Nanosilver, and Eucalyptus Oil in the Pandemic Covid-19

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Hand sanitizer is an antiseptic that contains alcohol and other active ingredients that can prevent and inhibit microbial infections. The use of hand sanitizer has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic.  Hand sanitizer used continuously can cause damage to the skin because it contains harsh chemicals, such as alcohol and peroxide. Therefore, there needs to be innovation in hand sanitizer during the Covid-19 pandemic, ranging from antioxidants, antimicrobials to antivirals. The purpose of this study was to produce and conduct organoleptic tests on hand sanitizer with the addition of nanogold, nanosilver, and eucalyptus oil. The formulations used in the manufacture of this hand sanitizer have been in accordance with those set by WHO with the addition of the active ingredients nanogold, nanosilver, and eucalyptus oil. The addition of nanogold functions as an antioxidant to keep the skin healthy. Nanosilver and eucalyptus oil function as an antimicrobial to antiviral, which is suitable in the formulation of hand sanitizer during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of the research at the organoleptic test stage showed that hand sanitizer with the addition of nanogold, nanosilver, and eucalyptus oil were preferred by the panelists with an average value of 3.45 in the color category, 3.95 in the fragrance category, and 3.50 in the absorption level category.

Production and Organoleptic Test of Body Sanitizer Nanogold, Nanosilver, and Eucalyptus Oil in the Pandemic Covid 19

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The body lotion is one of the cosmetic body care products used by the public, which has a moisturizing effect and is quickly absorbed by the skin. Researchers aim to produce and test organoleptic nanogold nanosilver body sanitizer and eucalyptus oil during the Covid-19 pandemic. Innovations in making hand body lotions currently need to be developed, one of which is by renewing body lotion into a body sanitizer during the Covid-19 pandemic as an antimicrobial and antiviral. The body sanitizer formulation used refers to the manufacture of body lotion in general with the addition of nanogold, nanosilver, and eucalyptus oil. The type of research used is experimental. The types of lotions compared are Body Lotion Basic (A) and Body Sanitizer Lotion Nanogold, Nanosilver, and Eucalyptus Oil (B) by organoleptic testing, including color, aroma, texture, and stickiness. The results showed that the organoleptic test of panelists acceptance of nanogold nanosilver body sanitizer and eucalyptus oil was better and more preferred than basic body lotion.

Self-Employment and Poverty in Morocco: The Case of the Informal Sector

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Among the most important sectors where self-employment is expanding are the agricultural, industrial and service sectors. Support programs to accompany self-initiative and enable the integration of the informal sector include : the “Moukawalati” program in its new version, the “Infitah” program, the “Imtyaz” program and the “Moussanada” program, in addition to the “Rawaj”, “Damane Express” and “Tatwir Express” programs. The possibility of obtaining financing is one of the difficulties for the self-employed and small businesses. In addition to this, there are problems related to management, equipment, supervision, support, lack of regular and rigorous accounting management, insufficient training provided (initial and continuing), problems in the use of new technologies and lack of knowledge related to planning and management. The system, the conditions of risk-taking, coupled with the numerous and slow administrative procedures, not to mention the difficulty in obtaining information, low competitiveness, and high costs of speculation.

Odontogenic Kerato Cysts: Clinical and Radiographic Presentations

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Introduction: Odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) are developmental odontogenic cysts of epithelial origin. The initial terminology for an odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) was “primordial cyst,” as the origin of the lesion was thought to be the tooth primordium. Objective: To determine the frequency of clinical features and radio graphical appearance of odontogenic keratocyst.

Subjects and methods: This Cross Sectional Study was conducted in Akhtar saeed trust hospital Lahore from 2020 to March 2021. A total of 216 patients of both genders with odontogenic keratocysts were included.  Patients with history of basal cell nervous syndrome, Orthokeratinized variant and treated cases were excluded. Clinical features and radio graphical appearance of odontogenic keratocyst was collected as per operational definition. Clinical features were noted under the supervision of a consultant with 3 years’ post fellowship experience. Data was collected and noted.

Results: Age range in this study was from 20 to 40 years with mean age of 29.629±3.87 years, mean weight 72.675±12.99 kg, mean height 1.556±0.10 meters, mean BMI 30.087±5.03 Kg/m2, mean duration of complain 8.555±2.49 months and mean pain score was 5.291±1.85. Majority of the patients (61.1%) belongs to 20-30 years age groups. While males were 56.9% as compare to females 43.1%. Pain was seen in 52.8% patients, facial asymmetry 69.4% and root resorption was 9.3%.

Conclusion: It is recommended to the general dental practitioners to have an overview of whole of the stomatognathic system, even if a patient comes for a single tooth problem.

Spectrum of 25 (OH) D3 Status in Urinary Tract Stone Formers in North-Eastern Nigeria

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Many studies, none in northeastern part of Nigeria, investigated the association between serum/plasma vitamin D and nephrolithiasis, with no consistent result, couple with the hot weather (as high as 44oC) in most part of the year in Maiduguri and its surroundings, and assay of vitamin D today is not yet part of evaluation of urinary stone formers in Maiduguri, warrant this study to assess status of vitamin D in urinary tract stone formers in Maiduguri. Patients diagnosed with urinary tract stone disease attending Urology Clinic, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital and consented were recruited. The first two who consented were recruited per week for a period of 24 months (1st April 2017 to 31st Match 2019) to cover the seasonal changes in weather for the year. Serum for vitamin D is stored at -20oC for batch analysis. Vitamin D was assayed by ELISA technique (Accu-Bind, 100 North Pointe Drive, Lake Forest, California 92630 USA), other parameters were analyzed weekly using autoanalyzer (Cobas C311, ISN, Roche, Germany). Result indicated 58 (36.2%) of patients had Vitamin D values below the optimal level either having deficiency/insufficiency. Forty-nine (30.6%) showed vitamin D concentration above the optimum level out of which 4 (2.5%) had hypervitaminosis D, while 53 (33.1%) patients had optimal vitamin D values. It showed 17 (10.6%) of patients had hypercalcaemia, however, out of the 114 patients with normocalcaemia, 42 (36.5%) had their values at the upper limit of normal (2.6 mmol/L). It also indicated that though 3 of the hypercalcaemic patients had vitamin D insufficiency, majority (14) are either having optimal level or above optimal vitamin D level. Excessive and prolong exposure to ultraviolet sunlight resulting in raised vitamin D synthesis and action is an important factor associated with urinary tract stone formation in this environment cannot be excluded. The high prevalence of hypercalcaemia in the study cannot be accounted for by raised vitamin D alone, therefore measurement of serum vitamin D (25(OH)D) and PTH in evaluation of urinary tract stone formers in this environment is recommended.

Sustainable Agriculture with Rhizobacteria (PGPR)

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In the present scenario, the demand for food and nutrient has increased due to population growth. Ascribable to industrialization and urbanization, a very small area of productivity land is available for maintenance of life process. Agricultural growth depends upon the microbial population present in the soil over the last few years. plant growth promoting rhizobacteria has turned out to be the most efficient tool for sustainable agriculture. PGPR, exert its effect by creating an intracellular and extracellular rhizo environment in search of a carbon source. These are the microbes that are found near or around the roots of the plant. So, the mode of action of PGPR is a new ray of hope for the farmers and the government to maintain the continuous supply of food for the increasing population.PGPR, as a growth booster increases phosphate solubilization, siderophore production, biological nitrogen fixation, and secretion of phytohormones (like indole acetic acid, cytokinin, gibberellin).PGPR is important artillery to control plant pathogens. It is ecofriendly and helps to maintain ecological and economical balance. In the perspective of this, the review widens the scope of the use of PGPR as a green microbial consortium for greater agrobiology and sustenance especially in the areas, wherein paucity of facts on its use, implementation, and alertness of genetically modified organisms has long prevailed.