Formulation of Compressed Lozenges from Decaffeinated Arabica Green Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) Bean Extract as Immune Booster

/in /by

Global public health issues include emerging and reemerging viruses. The most recent cause of COVID-19 is the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). The main goal of current medical research is the creation of new, affordable, and effective anti-COVID-19 medications. The immune system regulates coronavirus infection in the human body. The current study explores the relationship between antioxidants and the immune system’s ability to fight off infections and the pathogenicity of the coronavirus. Arabica coffee contains chlorogenic acid, which is efficacious as a contributor to antioxidant and antiviral activity. But arabica coffee also contains caffeine, which can cause ulcers in people who do decaffeination using dichloromethane solvent to reduce levels of caffeine. The objective of this study is to create Arabica coffee seed extract compressed lozenges as an antioxidant to boost the immune system. Arabica coffee extraction is done by Soxhletasi. Formulation lozenges are made in three formulas with varying types of flavorings: F1 (strawberry), F2 (tiramisu), and F3 (vanilla). Lozenges were analyzed using HPLC with pretreatment SPE to see the effect of the formulation on the content of caffeine and chlorogenic acid. F1 caffeine content 1.324%, 4.484% F2, F3 0.134. F1 chlorogenic acid content 2.996%, 2.834% F2, F3 4.530% .The result of the granules and lozenges evaluation is required for the granules and lozenges requirements. As a result of hedonic stimulation, the respondent can receive a taste of lozenges. Formula lozenges which most preferred is the formula F1 with strawberries creamer diluent with caffeine content of 1.324% and chlorogenic acid content of 2.996%. The conclusion of this study is that green coffee bean extract can be made into lozenges, and caffeine levels in coffee can be reduced by decaffeination. but the level of chlorogenic acid decreased along with the decrease in caffeine.

 

The Impact of Destination Image for Creative-Hub Business: Case Study of Bumi Arsa Creative Space

/in /by

Over time, the growth of tourist destinations has led to a lot of new kinds of places to visit. One of them is making a “creative hub,” which is a place where creative people can meet and work together. On the other hand, the tourism industry’s incredible growth over the past fifty years has made it hard to market tourism. So, tourism marketers must now try to influence customer decisions in a global industry that is getting more complicated and competitive. A place needs to be in a good place in the minds of consumers for advertising to work in the targeted markets. Based on how destination image and creative hub are related, Bumi Arsa is one of the brands or businesses that are part of the creative hub industry. The problem with creative hub tourism is that they have to prove themselves to the market. According to the Bumi Arsa research respondent, they either didn’t know yet or even misinterpreted about the creative hub business model that leads into lack of unique selling point awareness (Bumi Arsa, 2022). The purpose of this research is to comprehend the perceived destination image and determine the expected destination image of Bumi Arsa.  Therefore, this is qualitative research using descriptive methods analysis based on the destination image form framework as the baseline. The analysis used in this study uses internal and external point of view analysis with situation analysis (5C) to map current Bumi Arsa marketing performance, root cause analysis by fishbone diagram to determine the root cause of the business issue, Model of the formation of destination image as the basis of the research design, and destination image attribute to elaborate each factor that will affect the destination image for a creative hub. The findings of this thesis explain that in order to decide the expected destination image for a creative hub using the destination image form framework, a destination needs to manage expectations between the market perspective and internal business team based on the destination image attribute.

The Influence of Leadership Style, Supervisory and Organizational Culture on Employee Performance through Motivation as an Intervening Variable (Descriptive Study of Quantitative Analysis of Employee Performance at the Education and Culture Office of Serang Regency)

/in /by

Based on the results of observations, that the level of absenteeism is still low, employee absences continue to increase every year, especially for the criteria for absences, sick, late and going home. This shows that the leadership is less than optimal in supervising its employees, it is found that there are still many employees who do not come to work due to permits, illness and are late for work and even go home early. Based on the Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 53 of 2010 concerning Discipline of Civil Servants Article 3 Point 11 which states that entering work and obeying the provisions of working hours. As a result, employees do not complete the work and often make mistakes over and over again. The purpose of this study in general is to analyze and describe the significant direct or indirect positive influence of leadership style, supervision and organizational culture on employee performance through motivation as an intervening variable. The research method used is to use path analysis (Part Analysis) to determine the direct or indirect effect of the variables studied. It is then used to analyze the extent to which the work motivation variable is able to mediate an increase in the quality of management information systems to improve employee performance and to what extent the work motivation variable is able to mediate the effect of leadership style on improving the performance of the Serang Regency Education and Culture Office Employees. The results obtained after the research was carried out were: 1) Based on the calculation results of SPSS v.25 Beta value due to the direct influence of leadership style on performance β = 0.000 the indirect effect of motivational mediating factors on the influence of leadership style on the performance of the employees of the Education and Culture Office of Serang Regency obtained value of β = 0.215. The comparison of the value of direct effect is smaller than the value of indirect effect which causes work motivation to be able to mediate the influence of leadership style on employee performance. 2). Based on the calculation results of SPSS v.25 Beta value due to the direct influence of supervision on performance β = 0.155. the indirect effect of the mediating motivational factor on the influence of supervision on the performance of the employees of the Department of Education and Culture of Serang Regency obtained the value of β = -0.046. Comparison of the value of direct effect is greater than the value of indirect effect which causes motivation to be unable to mediate the effect of supervision on employee performance. 3). Based on the calculation results of SPSS v.25 Beta value due to the direct influence of organizational culture on performance β = 0.000. the indirect effect of the mediating motivational factor on the influence of organizational culture on the performance of the employees of the Department of Education and Culture of Serang Regency obtained the value of β = 0.243. Comparison of values ​​direct effect is smaller than value indirect effect that causes motivation to be able to mediate the influence of organizational culture on employee performance.

Determining the Optimal Capital Structure of PT Bumi Resource Tbk

/in /by

Demand for coal increased because of the energy crises that occurred in Europe and China. Due to this growth in demand, coal prices have gone up globally as well. This can be an opportunity for coal companies in Indonesia as one of the countries with the largest coal reserves in the world. PT Bumi Resource Tbk, one of the businesses with Indonesia’s largest coal deposits. Additionally, most of the coal supplied by PT Bumi Resource Tbk is consumed domestically, and most of it for China. So, it is necessary to increase production to meet these demands.

One way to increase production is by optimizing the company’s capital structure. The proportion of debt and equity which is capital structure will be the focus of the company in the future. PT Bumi Resource Tbk was repeatedly unable to repay its loans. Based on calculations through the Damodaran theory, the optimal capital structure for companies in 2021 with 30 percent debt ratio. This would maximize the company’s value of $1,709,478,366 with a weight average cost of capital of 7.86 percent. Future projections are made using three scenarios: the best scenario, the base scenario, and the worst scenario. The best scenario is the best of these three scenarios with delivers the highest firm value, $ 4,605,803,420 with the lowest weight average of capital costs, 9,06 percent. The proportion of the debt ratio needed to maximize the value of the company in its best condition is 10 percent.

The results of calculating the optimal capital structure today or in the future show that companies need to reduce the debt ratio if they want to maximize their firm value. In addition, the company is also facing threat of bankruptcy because the Alman Z-score is

-0.13. There are several ways based on the Damodaran framework to reduce debt ratio. First, a company can do a debt for equity swap by converting its debt into equity or by doing a private placement. Second, companies can negotiate with lenders regarding the maturity of their debts or decrease of interest by making an agreement. Third, companies can sell their assets to pay off their debts.

 

Business Strategy to Improve Business Incubation Services for Science Techno Park

/in /by

Science Techno Park is a facility in the form of an area specially prepared to initiate and flow knowledge and technology between R&D institutions, universities and industry. STP facilitates the growth and development of innovative start-ups through incubation activities and spin off processes. The main objective of STP is to encourage economic growth through the development of innovation potential. Science Techno Park was initiated in 2014 under PT Bogor Life Science and Technology (BLST) as a holding company owned by Bogor Agricultural University (IPB).

This study aims to identify and improve the Science Techno Park business incubation services for inwall tenants and startup companies that are fostered based on the problems that occur and are expected to increase other income from the Science Techno Park business. The method used in this study uses primary data derived from quantitative and qualitative methods obtained from questionnaires and interviews with inwall tenants and startup companies that are undergoing the Science Techno Park business incubation program. Secondary data analysis uses company reports and literature from various sources.

The conceptual framework used in this study begins with an analysis of customers of Science Techno Park business incubation service. Then analyze the external environment using general environmental analysis, industry analysis, and competitor analysis. For internal environmental analysis using resources, capabilities, and core competencies. All the results of the analysis are summarized in a SWOT analysis. From the results of the analysis, the researcher provides solutions and business strategies to solve problems experienced by Science Techno Park in fostering inwall tenants and startup companies and provide business alternatives to earn other income besides business incubation services.

The strategy proposed based on research results is a strategy of business diversification and cost leadership. In addition, a functional strategy is provided to improve company performance in the area of marketing, finance, and internal management. The researcher provide implementation plans by mapping the potential users of business incubation services and the roadmap for the development of Science Techno Park to improve business incubation services and develop other business services.

Physical Therapy Treatment in Children with Cerebral Palsy

/in /by

Background: Cerebral palsy is one of the most frequent disorders of the central nervous system. The various methods and techniques used by physical therapists can be very useful in treating children with cerebral palsy. The purpose of this review is to investigate the various techniques and methods used by physical therapists to improve balance, increase muscle strength, acquire and maintain agility, develop good neuromuscular coordination, improve of physical functionality and the best possible independence of children with cerebral palsy.

Methodology: The review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) reporting guidelines. A search on Pub med, Google scholar and PEDro for research articles that investigated the effectiveness of various methods/techniques used by physical therapists for the treatment program for children with CP of the last 20 years.

Results: A total of 18 articles were included in this review. The methods investigated were hippotherapy (n=3), Neurodevelopmental therapy (Bobath) (n=3), stretching (n=2), hydrotherapy (n=1), resistance and orthotics (n=3), and the parameters of classical physical therapy (n=4).

Conclusion: From the selected article it appeared that modalities such as Bobath and hippotherapy have beneficial effects on balance, static and motor control and may also have beneficial effects on gait on children with CP. Passive stretching researchers agree that there are no significant changes in reducing spasticity, while they help a lot in gaining greater range of motion as does resistance. Braces presented to be a very important tool in the hands of the physical therapist to avoid various deformities.

The Effect of Google Classroom Media on Student Learning Outcomes in Lathe Machinery Engineering Class XI SMKN 5 Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia

/in /by

The purpose of this study was to find out whether there is an influence between online learning using Google Classroom media on student learning outcomes in Class XI Lathe Machinery Engineering at SMKN 5 Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia. This research used quantitative methods. The population in this study were students of class XI SMKN 5 Medan with a descriptive statistical approach. Questionnaires and tests are used to collect data. Furthermore, simple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the data. Based on the research findings, it is known that the sig. of 0.009, which is less than the alpha value of 0.05, means that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. As a result, online learning using Google Classroom has a significant influence on student learning outcomes Lathe Engineering at SMK Negeri 5 Medan by 10.3%.  The percentage of 10.3% is derived from the R Square value, which is 0.103 or the equivalent of 10.3%, while the remaining 89.7% is influenced by other factors.

Evaluation of Vocational Training during the COVID-19 Pandemic Period in Indonesia

/in /by

Research based on the conditions of the COVID -19 pandemic and government policies in reducing unemployment through vocational training. However, the vocational training program at the Ministry of Manpower during the COVID -19 pandemic period in 2021 did not have a significant impact. This study aims to evaluate the ministry of workforce’s vocational training program during the COVID -19 pandemic in 2021. The research was conducted through a qualitative approach using the CIPP guidance theory. Data collection methods using observation and unstructured and semi-structured interviews, documents, and literature studies. The research uses data analysis techniques with three stages, in the form of data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion and verification. The results of the study concluded that the vocational training program at the Ministry of Manpower had not been successful in terms of input, process, and product aspects. From the input aspect, the vocational training program’s resources are insufficient. From the process aspect, there are still constraints on the realization of the training, supervision, and instructor skills. Meanwhile, from the product aspect, it cannot be ensured that the participants will be placed after training.

Proposed Strategy to Increase the Number of Subscription of Thudio Using Freemium Model

/in /by

Nowadays, almost all aspects of our daily life intersect with design and creativity, and design is no longer an exclusive thing; it’s a part of lifestyle. People become aware about interior design. Ever since Covid-19 pandemic, people mostly spend their time at home. It cause increasing furniture demand. From the data shows that the number of construction company in Indonesia is growing every year. This create opportunities and potential for business market. Thudio is a new innovation for designers to make their work easier. It connects a lot of stakeholders, from designers and architects to customers and suppliers, to help consumer deliver the best result for interior design projects. Thudio is a variation on the word “studio,” which refers to a place where designers, artists, and innovators work, collaborate, and innovate. Thudio aspires to become a venue for innovation and collaboration in the home living market. With the marketing activities that have been implemented, Thudio should develop so that the consumer subscription target can be achieved.

The research strategy data collection method chosen for this research is questionnaires which is going to be administered through electronic and online questionnaires. This will be considered as the effective, and efficient way in capturing the information. Research with surveys by distributing questionnaires to interior designers that aim at describing and explaining business issues and seeks the answers by the user of the quantitative data. Research limitation; questioner only for Interior designer who works freelance, in-house, and as a student. The proposed questioner is designed to determine customer awareness of the Thudio brand and the services it provides. Also, to investigate whether factors influence users’ willingness to subscribe to a service.

The framework used in this research to analyse the result using 4V (Value proportion, value creation, value capture, and value delivery) to asses the freemium business strategy. As proposed solution to be implemented, researcher using business model canvas (BMC). Based on the analysis, Thudio must create marketing initiatives to increase the number of Thudio service consumers. Furthermore, the aspect that makes individuals want to subscribe to a service is differentiated distribution, which is influenced by the benefits supplied and the service’s goal. As a result, Thudio employs a freemium strategy in order to increase the number of Thudio service subscriptions.

The Implementation of Omnichannel Marketing to Improve Customer Engagement and Customer Retention in English Courses

/in /by

English is one of the most spoken languages in the world, and understanding the language opens a gateway to connecting with other cultures and unlocking a vast source of information from around the world. In Indonesia, one of the oldest and most prominent English course institutions known as LIA is recently struggling to retain a stable amount of students. Based on data provided by the institution, one of its branches experienced a decline from 1200 students to just 300.

The purpose of this research is to study the impact of customer experience and omnichannel marketing on customer switching behavior. This research utilizes a quantitative approach and purposive sampling of 234 respondents from active LIA students in Greater Jakarta, including its neighboring cities such as Bekasi, Tangerang, and Depok. The hypothesis was tested using multiple linear regression. The result of this study indicates that customer expectation and omnichannel marketing have a significant and positive impact on the switching behavior of LIA students. Findings from this study were useful for future research regarding these fields of study and the topics while also providing practical implementation of omnichannel marketing in the forms of social media advertising, search engine optimization, sales promotion, and conventional word-of-mouth marketing to attract potential customers and mitigate the switching behavior.