Abstract :
Mobility in the sense of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health ICF-CY is an important prerequisite for participation in everyday life. The present study aims to show to what extent a movement promotion program in kindergarten has an effect on mobility behavior. Methods: The sample consists of 46 boys and 34 girls (age 4.51 ± .98 years) from one regular and one physical education kindergarten. The MobiScreen 4-6 was performed. Group differences were examined using a t-test, and multiple linear regression analysis was used to examine the effects of the predictors kindergarten affiliation, age, sex, born premature, sports club membership, and number of sports hours in the club. Results: Total time shows a strong multiple coefficient of R = .75 with an explained variance of R² = .57; total score also shows strong values of R = .59 and R² = .35. Age and sports club membership are the strongest predictors for both variables. Conclusions: Since raw values are analyzed for total time and score, the high influence of age is obvious. The effect of sports club membership indicates that the children may be better supported in their free time than in the concept of physical education kindergarten. Therefore, the concept of the physical education kindergarten should be reviewed and standardized.
Keywords :
Mobility, Movement diagnostics, Movement promotion, Physical education kindergarten, Screening.References :
1. Hollenweger, J., & Kraus de Camargo, O. (2013). ICF-CY. International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health in Children and Adolescents (2nd reprint of 1st ed.). Berne: Hans Huber.
2. Möllers, J. (2009). psychomotor. Methods in Curative Education and Curative Education Nursing (3rd ed.). Cologne: Bildungsverlag EINS.
3. Fabri, M., Grözinger, E., Heinichen, S. et al. (2014). Movement education in early childhood education. Teaching materials for training to become an educator in Baden-Württemberg. Stuttgart: Children’s Gymnastics Foundation of Baden-Württemberg.
4. Pfeifer, K., Banzer, W., Ferrari, N. et al. (2016). Recommendations for exercise. In K. Pfeifer & A. Rütten (eds.), National recommendations for physical activity and physical activity promotion (pp. 17-64). Erlangen-Nuremberg: FAU.
5. Finger, J.D., Varnaccia, G., Borrmann, A. et al. (2018). Physical activity of children and adolescents in Germany – cross-sectional results from KiGGS Wave 2 and trends. Journal of Health Monitoring, 3(1), 24-31. Last accessed 07/24/2022 at
https://www.rki.de/DE/Content/Gesundheitsmonitoring/Gesundheitsbschriften/GBEDownloadsJ/FactSheets/JoHM_01_2018_koerperliche_Aktivitaet_KiGGS-Welle2.pdf?__blob=publicationFile.
6. Winter, R., & Hartmann, C. (2015). Human motor development from birth to old age (overview). In K. Meinel, & G. Schnabel (eds.), Kinetics – Sports motor skills. Outline of a theory of motor skills in sports from a pedagogical point of view (12th rev. and extend. ed.; pp. 243-373). Aachen: Meyer & Meyer.
7. Kindergarten Independent information portal (no year). movement kindergarten. Last accessed 24.07.2022 at https://www.kindergarten.info/kita/bewegungskindergarten/.
8. Dincher, A. (in press). Motor Performance of Children in a Physical Education Kindergarten compared to Children in a Kindergarten without Physical Education. International Journal for Cross-Disciplinary Subjects in Education, 13(2).
9. Dincher, A., & Wydra, G. (in press). Motor performance of children in different models of physical activity kindergartens compared to children in kindergartens without a physical focus. German Journal of Exercise and Sport Research.
10. Seyda M, Egerer M, Hendricks CP, & Langer A (2020). »Kindergarten in motion«. A project to increase exercise, play and sports opportunities in early childhood. In: Erhorn J, Schwier J, Brandes B, eds. Movement – scope for education. Opportunities for area-based learning in early childhood (pp. 185-200). Bielefeld: transcript.
DOI: 10.1515/9783839440711-010.
11. Dincher, A. (in press). Comparison of the motor skills of children from a sports kindergarten with children from a kindergarten without movement promotion with the MOT 4-6. Movement therapy and health sports.
12. Wydra, G. (2011). The movement system in the professional field of physiotherapy. Hamburg: HFH.
13. Tröster, H. (2009). Early detection in childhood and adolescence. Strategies for developmental, learning and behavioral disorders. Goettingen: Hogrefe.
14. Esser, G., & Petermann, F. (2010). Developmental diagnostics (Compendium Psychological Diagnostics, 13). Goettingen: Hogrefe
15. Tröster, H., Flender, J., & Reineke, D. (2004). DESKS 3-6. Dortmund development screening for kindergarten. Manual. Goettingen: Hogrefe.
16. Dincher, A. (2020). MobiScreen 4-6. A mobility screening for children aged four to six years. Goettingen: Hogrefe.
17. Backhaus, K., Erichson, B., Gensler, S., Weiber, R., & Weiber, T. (2021). regression analysis. In K. Backhaus, B. Erichson, S. Gensler, R. Weiber, & T. Weiber (eds.), Multivariate analysis methods: an application-oriented introduction (16th completely rev. and extend. ed.; pp. 61-160). Wiesbaden: Springer. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-658-32425-4.
18. Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, N.J.: L. Erlbaum Associates.
19. Rauh, H. (2002). Prenatal Development and Early Childhood. In R. Oerter, & L. Montada (eds.), Developmental Psychology (5th completely rev. ed.; pp. 131-208). Weinheim: Beltz.
20. Bisanz, G., & Gerisch, G. (2008). Football: fitness, technique, tactics and coaching. Aachen: Meyer & Meyer.
21. Gerling, I.E. (2018). Advanced Apparatus Gymnastics Volume 1: Floor and Balance Beam (3rd rev. ed.). Aachen: Meyer & Meyer.