Abstract :
As of 2021, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is evident in every facet of life, despite the availability of knowledge to prevent or mitigate the spread of infectious diseases. Infectious disease pandemics will continue to be a global challenge, and yet the hesitancy of decision makers to utilize the plethora of evidence based strategies in a pandemic response threatens the future global health security. Therefore, this paper focuses on exploring how knowledge translation (KT) practices can be integrated into infectious disease prevention and control using the current COVID-19 pandemic to identify KT barriers. By continually synthesizing and incorporating research findings into routine decision making processes, public health institutions can adequately prepare health systems to manage a pandemic. The application of KT can be approached from four different stages: synthesis of information, dissemination of knowledge, exchange of knowledge, and ethical application of knowledge. Using the four stages of KT, the following propositions were made: investing in links between knowledge synthesis and utilization, engaging broader stakeholders in knowledge dissemination activities, creating effective two-way communication lines between knowledge producers and users, and strengthening knowledge utilizing activities. By demonstrating the utility of applying the four KT stages in an infectious disease pandemic context, it is hoped that more discussions and research is stimulated to engage the incorporation of KT into future outbreak responses.
Keywords :
COVID-19, Infectious Diseases, Knowledge Translation, PolicyReferences :
- John Hopkins University. (2020, June 7). Animated Maps. Retrieved from https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html
- Fan, Y., Zhao, K., Shi, Z. L., & Zhou, P. (2019). Bat coronaviruses in China. Viruses, 11(3), 210.
- Monitoring the building blocks of health systems: a handbook of indicators and their measurement strategies. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/healthinfo/systems/monitoring/en/. Published March 11, 2014. Accessed July 29, 2020.
- Straus, S. E., Tetroe, J., & Graham, I. (2009). Defining knowledge translation. CMAJ: Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l’Association medicale canadienne, 181(3-4), 165–168. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.081229
- El-Jardali F, Bou-Karroum L, Fadlallah R. Amplifying the role of knowledge translation platforms in the COVID-19 pandemic response. Health Research Policy and Systems. 2020;18(1).
- Cheng, V. C., Lau, S. K., Woo, P. C., & Yuen, K. Y. (2007) . Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus as an agent of emerging and reemerging infection. Clinical microbiology reviews, 20(4), 660–694. https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00023-07
- Cameron E. , Nuzzo J., Bell J., Nalabandian M., O’Brien J., League A., Ravi S., Meyer D., Snyder M., Mullen L., & Warmbrod L. (2019). Global Health Security Index: Building Collective Action and Accountability. Retrieved from https://www.ghsindex.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/GHS-Index-Report_FINAL_Oct2019.pdf
- Al-Ubaydli, O., List, J. A., & Suskind, D. (2019). The science of using science: Towards an understanding of the threats to scaling experiments ( No. w25848). National Bureau of Economic Research.
- Petrosillo, N., Viceconte, G., Ergonul, O., Ippolito, G., & Petersen, E. (2020). COVID-19, SARS and MERS: are they closely related?. Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 26(6), 729–734. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2020.03.026
- Wan, Y., Shang, J., Graham, R., Baric, R. S., & Li, F. (2020). Receptor recognition by the novel coronavirus from Wuhan: an analysis based on decade-long structural studies of SARS coronavirus. Journal of virology, 94(7).
- Meredith, S. (2020). Coronavirus vs. SARS: Health experts on the key differences between the two outbreaks. Retrieved from https://www.cnbc.com/2020/01/28/coronavirus-vs-sars-health-experts-on-the-key-differe html
- Wappes, J. (2020). Studies highlight nCoV similarity with SARS, family transmission. Retrieved from https://www.cidrap.umn.edu/news-perspective/2020/01/studies-highlight-ncov-similaritysars-family-transmission
- Graham ID, Tetroe J; KT Theories Research Group. Some theoretical underpinnings of knowledge translation. Acad Emerg Med. 2007 Nov;14(11):936-41. doi: 10.1197 /j.aem.2007.07.004. PMID : 17967955.
- Rushmer R, Ward V, Nguyen T, Kuchenmüller T. Knowledge translation: key concepts, terms and activities. Pop H Monitoring. 2020 127 – 150.
- Grimshaw, J.M., Eccles, M.P., Lavis, J.N. et al. Knowledge translation of research findings. Implementation Sci 7, 50 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1186/1748-5908-7-50
- Boyko J, Lavis J, Abelson J, Dobbins M, Carter N. Deliberative dialogues as a mechanism for knowledge translation and exchange in health systems. Soc Sci & Med. 2012 75:1938 – 1945..
- Boyko JA, Lavis J, Dobbins M. Deliberative dialogues as a strategy for system-level knowledge translation and exchange. Healthcare Policy. 2014 9(4): 122 – 131.
- Davis, D., Davis, M. E., Jadad, A., Perrier, L., Rath, D., Ryan, D., … & Zwarenstein, M. (2003). The case for knowledge translation: shortening the journey from evidence to effect. Bmj, 327(7405), 33-35.
- Institute L. [Internet]. Covid Performance – Lowy Institute. [cited 2021Mar20]. Available from: https://interactives.lowyinstitute.org/features/covid-performance/
- Hsieh, V. C. R. (2020). Putting resiliency of a health system to the test: COVID-19 in Taiwan. J Formos Med Assoc.
- Wang CJ, Ng CY, Brook RH. Response to COVID-19 in Taiwan: big data analytics, new technology, and proactive testing. JAMA. 2020 323(14): 1341 – 1342.
- Cheng, H. Y., Jian, S. W., Liu, D. P., Ng, T. C., Huang, W. T., & Lin, H. H. (2020). High transmissibility of COVID-19 near symptom onset. medRxiv.
- Summers D, Cheng D, Lin P, Barnard D, Kvalsvig D, Wilson P et al. Potential lessons from the Taiwan and New Zealand health responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Lancet Regional Health – Western Pacific. 2020;4:100044.
- Oxford Analytica [Internet]. Emerald Insight; c2020 [cited Mar 25]. Available from: https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/OXAN-DB251284/full/html.
- Baker MG, Verrall JA, Telfar-Barnard L, Wilson N. New Zealand’s elimination strategy for the COVID-19 pandemic and what is required to make it work. The New Zealand Medical Journal. 2020;133(1512):10-14.
- Cousins S. New Zealand eliminates COVID-19. The Lancet. 2020 295(10235): 1474.
- New Zealand Influenza Pandemic Plan – Ministry of Health [Internet]. [cited 2021Mar20]. Available from: https://www.health.govt.nz/system/files/documents/publications/influenza-pandemic-plan-framework-action-2nd-edn-aug17.pdf
- Barshad A. Remember concerts? In covid-free New Zealand, it’s a reality and not just a memory. [Internet]. The Washington Post. WP Company; 2020 [ cited 2021Mar 16]. Available from: https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/music/new-zealand-live-music-concerts-t he-beths/2020/10/20/c221ef2a-0f10-11eb-8074-0e943a91bf08_story.html
- Financial support [Internet]. 19. [cited 2021Mar20]. Available from: https://covid19.govt.nz/business-work-and-money/financial-support/?fbclid=IwAR1GCmbFnRy-K2-eLZd6mPEh_SsEui1YqgipDQwMlv9NJ5Pa9aBsOcTDoA