Abstract :
This study investigated the impact of extensive and intensive reading strategies on vocabulary development on EFL learners. The study was conducted at English department, Education Faculty, Kandahar University. The design of the study was inferential experimental, where pre- and post-tests were used to measure improvement in vocabulary improvement. The subjects of the study were first-year freshmen and night shift students. A total of 50 Afghan EFL students were selected based on their performance on placement test. The participants in the experimental group got extensive reading, and the control group got intensive reading, respectively. The experimental group and control group received 100-minutes per week. The collected data were analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) software using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results of the study revealed that the vocabulary was improved from 83 to 93 in extensive reading and from 81 to 92 in intensive reading, which shows that there is significance increase in scores for intensive and extensive reading respectively.
Keywords :
Extensive reading, Intensive reading, Vocabulary improvementReferences :
- Aliponga, J. (2013). Reading journal: its benefits for extensive reading. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 3(12), 73-80.
- Cahyono,B.Y., &Widiati, U.(2008 ). The Teaching of EFL Vocabulary in the Indonesian Context: The State of the Art. TEFLIN Journal, 19 1), 1-17
- Camiciottoli, B. C. (2001). Extensive reading in English: Habits and attitudes of a group of Italian university EFL students. Journal of Research in Reading, 24(2), 135-153.
- Carrell, P. L., & Carson, J. G. (1997). Extensive and intensive reading in an EAP setting. English for specific purposes, 16(1), 47-60.
- Chiu-Kuei C. C. (2015). Applying Extensive Reading to Improve Unmotivated Learners’ Attitudes toward Reading in English. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 13(2), 1-25
- Day, R. R., & Bamford, J. (2004). Top ten principles for teaching extensive reading. Reading in a Foreign Language, 14, 136–141.
- Day, R. R., Bamford, J., Renandya, W. A., Jacobs, G. M., & Yu, V. W. S. (1998). Extensive reading in the second language classroom. RELC Journal, 29(2), 187-191.
- Haycock, K., & Huang, S. (2001). Are today’s high school graduates ready. Thinking k-16, 5(1), 3-17.
- Iqbal, S. A. (2017). The impact of extensive reading on learning and increasing vocabulary at elementary level. Studies in English language Teaching, 5(3), 481-494.
- Krashen, S. (1989). We acquire vocabulary and spelling by reading: Additional evidence for the input hypothesis. The modern language journal, 73(4), 440-464.
- Krashen, S. D. (1993). The case for free voluntary reading. Canadian Modern Language Review, 50(1), 72-82.
- Maley, A. (2005). Review of extensive reading activities for the second language classroom. ELT Journal, 59(4), 354-355.
- Park, A. Y. (2017). Comparison of the impact of extensive and intensive reading approaches on the Korean EFL learners’ reading rate and reading comprehension development. International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature, 6(3), 131-142.
- Rashidi,N. & Piran.,M.(2011). The Effect of Extensive and Intensive Reading on Iranian EFL Learners’ Vocabulary Size and Depth. Journal of Language Teaching and Research 2 (2), 471-482, doi:10.4304/jltr.2.2.471-482.
- Sahibzada, J., Saeedi, K. H., & Hussaini, M. A. (2018). The Causes of English Language and Literature Students’ Poor English Skills at Kandahar University. International Journal for Innovative Research in Multidisciplinary Field, 4(10), 1-14.
- Shiki, O. (2011). Effects of extensive reading on reading speed and comprehension among Japanese university students. Kwansei Gakuin University Humanities Review, 16, 29-38.
- Suk, N. (2017). The effects of extensive reading on reading comprehension, reading rate, and vocabulary acquisition. Reading Research Quarterly, 52(1), 73-89.
- Tanaka, H., & Stapleton, P. (2007). Increasing reading input in Japanese high school EFL classrooms: An empirical study exploring the efficacy of extensive reading. The Reading Matrix, 7(1).
- Tsang, W., (1996). Comparing the effects of reading and writing on writing performance. Applied Linguistics, 17 (2), 627-642.
Books
- Bernhardt, E. B. (1993). Reading development in a second language: Theoretical, empirical, & classroom perspectives. Ablex Publishing Corporation, 355 Chestnut St., Norwood, NJ (paperback: ISBN-0-89391-734-6; cloth: ISBN-0-89391-675-7).
- Dutcher, P. (1990). Authentic Reading Assessment. Washington D.C: American Institute for Research.
- Grabe, W. (2009). Reading in a second language: Moving from theory to practice. Ernst Klett Sprachen.
- Grabe, W., & Stoller, F, L. (2011). Teaching and researching reading. Harlow: Pearson
- Grellet, F. (1981). A practical guide to reading comprehension exercises. London: Cambridge
- Nuttall, C. (1996). Teaching reading skills in a foreign language. Oxford: Macmillan Heinemann.
- Richards, J. C., & Schmidt, R. W. (2013). Longman dictionary of language teaching and applied linguistics. London: Routledge.
- Walter, H. C. (2003). Reading in a second language. Subject Centre for Languages, Linguistics and Area Studies Good Practice Guide.
- Nuttal, C. (2005). Teaching Reading Skills in Foreign Language. UK: Macmillan Publishers Limited.