The Evaluation of National Programme for Prevention and Control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular disease and Stroke (NPCDCS) in Kashmir

: Aim : To monitor and evaluate the NPCDCS programme and examining the infrastructure and human resource management of this programme Methodology : Secondary data was collected from NPCDCS Kashmir and analysis was done on the generated secondary data for FY April 2018 - March 2019, FY April 2019 - March 2020 and FY April 2020 - March 2021. Study population was the patients enrolled in the NPCDCS Programme during FY April 2018 - March 2019, FY April 2019 - March 2020 and FY April 2020 - March 2021 in Kashmir. Permission was taken from the NPCDCS administration along with ethical approval from the ethics committee. Evaluation of NPCDCS Organizational structure, Infrastructure including human resources was done by visiting the NCD cells of some the districts of Kashmir. Results : The study was done on 3 financial years i.e., 2018-19, 2019-20 and 2020-21. The data presents the prevalence of Diabetes, Hypertension, CVD’s, Stroke and Cancers. The prevalence of diabetes and hypertension were increasing alarmingly in these 3 years. Counseling was going in higher rates till 2019-20 but there was a sudden drop in the rate of counseling sessions due to Covid 19 pandemic situation in the year 2020-21. Conclusion: The NPCDCS programme focused on awareness for behavioral and life style modifications. The infrastructure and human resource system is well developed. Many cases which couldn’t be reached out and were hidden were diagnosed by the help of camps and regular OPD’s at NCD cells. In a long run it will be very beneficial as the burden of diseases will be reduced to some extent. As seen in the data, the cancer detection is not as it is desired to be. The early screening for oral cancers in males and breast and cervical cancer in females should be achieved through awareness campaigns to make NPCDCS programme more successful.


INTRODUCTION
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are also named as chronic diseases that are not communicable and in general be of long duration with slow progression.Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the outcome of different factors such as genetic, behavioral, environment and physiological1.Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) include cardiovascular diseases such as heart attacks and stroke, Cancers (commonly oral, breast and cervical), Chronic respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma and Diabetes. 2owadays NCD's have become common due to sedentary lifestyle. 3There is increase in non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and the cause is some significant predisposing factors such as physical inactivity, overweight or obesity, unhealthy diet, raised blood glucose, tobacco use, raised blood pressure, alcohol consumption and raised cholesterol. 4As per the World Health Organization (WHO) reports there is an alarming shift in the global burden of diseases from infectious diseases to Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs). 5Leading cause of morbidity and mortality are Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) which are responsible for sixty three

Infrastructure of NPCDCS programme in Kashmir region:
There is one NCD cell for the administration of NCD centre at district level.There is Out Patient Department for NCD working along with civil hospital's own OPD wing.There is Cardiac care unit (CCU) equipped with ventilator and other necessary CCU equipment along with Laboratory testing which includes lipid profile, complete blood count (CBC), random blood sugar (RBS) etc. are accessible for this programme and important tests like CT-scan, ECHO and ECG are also accessible under this programme.

DISCUSSION
The aim of this study was to evaluate and monitor the NPCDCS Programme.The data for the prevalence of NCD's can be collected through various strategies, i.e., through surveys, hospital records, national and central registries.Whereas this study used data from NCD cells, it's the record-based data.The increase in the rate of chronic diseases could be the lack in awareness about the treatment of anti-hypertensive and anti-diabetic treatment.In the initial stages of diabetes and hypertension, the patient is usually

Figure 1 :Figure 2 :
Figure 1: This Bar chart shows that in these 3 years the numbers are increasing for the prevalence of diabetes.The graph is going alarmingly up.

Figure 3 :Figure 4 :
Figure 3: The bar chart shows that the CVD's in these 3 years are not in an increasing pattern but the rate is still high

Figure 5 :
Figure 5:The graph shows that in 2018-19 that counseling was going in higher rates till 2019-20 but there is a sudden drop in the rate of counseling sessions as the reason can be Covid 19 pandemic situation in the year 2020-21.

Table No . 1 :
Human Resource under NPCDCS programme in Kashmir Table No. 1 shows sanctioned post for NPCDCS programme which comprises of total no. of 56 posts in this programme. 12

Table no . 2 :
The Table shows the prevalence of NCD's and the percentage was calculated for the financial year 2018-19 ISSN:

Table no . 3: The Table shows the prevalence of NCD's and the percentage was calculated for the financial year 2019-20
ISSN:

Table no . 4 :
The Table shows the prevalence of NCD's and the percentage was calculated for the financial year 2020-21 ISSN:

2581-8341 Volume 06 Issue 04 April 2023 DOI: 10.47191/ijcsrr/V6-i4-26, Impact Factor: 6.789 IJCSRR @ 2023 www.ijcsrr.org 2451 * Corresponding Author: Dr. Mehwish Iqbal Volume 06 Issue 04 April 2023 Available at: www.ijcsrr.org Page No. 2443-2455
The present study is done on 3 financial years i.e. 2018-19, 2019-20 and 2020-21.The data presented is for all the three financial years.The data presents the prevalence of Diabetes, Hypertension, CVD's, Stroke and Cancers.Newly Diagnosed patients, old follow ups, patients on treatment in NCD clinic, patients treated in tertiary care, CCU, day care centers, all of this data is presented in the table to get a good overview of this national programme and how it works.